In depth revision notes covering the whole of cellular control. The topic is broken down into the individual specification points, shown by the numbers used throughout.
Typesofge are
mutation
= change to the base nucleotide
sequence
·
substitution -
I bases are swapped for
base
another
·
Deltion- > I bases are removed
Insertion- > I bases are added
·
If a mutation occurs in a gene ,
the
Primary structure could be altered .
This
would then -
change the tertiary structure , so
the prote wouldn't work. Mutations
could also cause the protein to not be
Produced at all
RNA editing :
It
changes the sequence of nucleotides through
Insertion , deletion or substitution
. This causes
the synthesis of different protects .
4 So
,
it increases the range of proteins that can
be produced from a
single mRNA molecule or
gene
Effects :
·
Reversible -
single als constantly durn out
Copies of
RNA
·
could be used wi humans to treat genetic
diseases without the long-term risks of
permenant DNA editing with CRISPR
chromosome mutation change to -
structure of chromosome deletion , -
inversion translocation
. > translocation -
swaps the legs arounddromosomes S
affecting the way that the genes are
switched on
·
mutations occur during DNA replication
before all division
↳ If they occur mitosis
before
, they're
somatic
↳ If
L
they
<
occur before meiosis , they're
wherited
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