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Bio 114 Exam 4 (UA) Questions and Answers Already Passed
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Bio 114 Exam 4 (UA) Questions and Answers Already Passed What is referred to as the "switch" in a DNA segment? The "switch" is known as the operator, a DNA segment typically located within the promoter region. What role does a repressor play in gene regulation? A repressor is a protein ...

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  • August 7, 2024
  • 18
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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Bio 114 Exam 4 (UA) Questions and
Answers Already Passed
What is referred to as the "switch" in a DNA segment?


✔✔The "switch" is known as the operator, a DNA segment typically located within the promoter

region.




What role does a repressor play in gene regulation?


✔✔A repressor is a protein that attaches to an operator and obstructs RNA polymerase from

attaching to the promoter.




What is a corepressor?


✔✔A corepressor is a molecule that works in conjunction with a repressor protein to deactivate

an operon.




What is an inducer in the context of gene regulation?


✔✔An inducer is a specific small molecule that deactivates a repressor, enabling the operon to

be activated.




1

,What does cell differentiation involve?


✔✔Cell differentiation is the process through which a cell develops into a specialized type,

tailored for a particular function or structure.




What are cytoplasmic determinants?


✔✔Cytoplasmic determinants are maternal factors within the egg that guide the early

developmental stages of an embryo.




What are oncogenes?


✔✔Oncogenes are genes found in certain viruses that can induce cancer.




What are proto-oncogenes?


✔✔Proto-oncogenes are normal cellular genes that regulate typical cell growth and division.




What function do tumor suppressor genes serve?


✔✔Tumor suppressor genes typically help to control and prevent abnormal cell proliferation.




What roles do tumor-suppressor proteins play?


2

, ✔✔Tumor-suppressor proteins are involved in repairing DNA damage, regulating cell adhesion,

and controlling cell-signaling pathways that inhibit cell cycle progression.




How is a virus defined?


✔✔A virus is an infectious entity composed of genetic material encased in a protein coat.




What is a capsid?


✔✔The capsid is the protein shell surrounding a viral genome, which can be rod-shaped,

polyhedral, or have a more complex structure.




What are capsomeres?


✔✔Capsomeres are the individual protein subunits that make up the capsid.




What is the lytic cycle?


✔✔The lytic cycle is a type of phage replication process that leads to the destruction of the host

cell.




What does the lytic cycle generate?



3

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