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BIOL 172L EXAM 1 UH MANOA QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS!!
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plasmogamy - Mycelia of different types fuse together in plasmogamy (a stage where two parent mycelia fuse but the nuclei do not fuse) to form a dikaryotic mycelium that grows quickly and crowds out the haploid parental mycelia. The dikaryotic mycelium forms compact masses that develop into basi...

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  • August 11, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • BIOL 172 UH MANOA
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BIOL 172L EXAM 1 UH MANOA
plasmogamy - Mycelia of different types fuse together in plasmogamy (a stage where two parent
mycelia fuse but the

nuclei do not fuse) to form a dikaryotic mycelium that grows quickly and crowds out the haploid parental

mycelia. The dikaryotic mycelium forms compact masses that develop into basidiocarps. These

basidiocarps are fruiting bodies that arise in response to environmental stimuli.



Basidium/Basidiospore - The basidiocarp contains basidia (singular: basidium)

cells where karyogamy occurs. The mushroom cap supports and protects a large surface area of
dikaryotic

basidia on its gills. Karyogamy produces a diploid nucleus in the basidium that undergoes meiosis to

produce four haploid nuclei. The haploid nuclei then develop into basidiospores.



Algae - -Eukaryotic

• Aquatic

• Photo-autotrophs

• Unicellular and multi-cellular forms



Fungi - • Eukaryotic

• Acquire food via absorption

• Heterotrophic

- Saprobic (decomposers)

- Parasitic

- Symbiotic

• Cell walls composed of chitin

• Are now a monophyletic group



Taxonomic Categories -

, Zygomyta - example: Bread mold, Reproduction: Majority are Asexual, some are sexual




Structure of Fungi - Cell walls composed of chitin

• Thallus composed of hyphae

- septate or coenocyntic

• Mycelium (root part) is the vegetative part

of a fungus, composed of

branched hyphae

• Mycelia are interwoven

throughout food source

• Fruiting body (e.g. mushroom)(top of mushroom) is the reproductive structure



two types of hyphae. Any given fungal species will have only one type - -Septate: the hyphae are
divided into cells by

cross-walls called septa

-Coenocytic (= aseptate): the hyphae are not

divided by septa, but consist of continuous

cytoplasm with hundreds of nuclei



Fungi: Generalized Life Cycle - Though their reproductive structures vary in appearance, all fungi
have the same

generalized life cycle. The nuclei in the hyphae of the mycelium are haploid. Fungi

reproduce by releasing spores that are produced either sexually or asexually:



Fungal Divisions - 4

divisions (= phyla) in the

Kingdom Fungi: Chytridmycota, Basidiomycota, Ascomycota, Zygomycota (remember A,B,C,Z)

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