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Unit 10 - Sociological Perspectives
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Unit 10 - Sociological Perspectives, was awarded distinction.
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Unit 10 Task 2Explaining how social inequality affects different groups in society.
With gender pay gaps, it occurs even when women are in the same position or even higher
than a male in the same workplace/workforce even though there are legislations put in
place to help avoid this there
are still significant difference
between pay for women and
men, The Office of National
Statistics (2023) has shown
this data in their recent
article. Different social
groups face different social
inequalities. These
differences can be due to the
culture, demographics,
religion and beliefs of
different social group. These
variations can lead to
different health patterns
across the world, which can have a significant impact on mortality and life expectancy, for
example within higher social classes, health trends and patterns usually show better overall
health and well-being, longer life expectancy and lower rates of obesity. This is the opposite
of lower social classes, people belonging to this group tend to have higher disease rates,
higher mortality and lower life expectancy. There can be different reasons for one less
people able to afford healthy food and are forced to live in inadequate housing. People in
lower social classes may also have less access to the medical care they need. Private
healthcare is not affordable for many, so they have no choice but to wait. These differences
exist in many societies and social groups and vary depending on race, age, sex, disability,
geographic location and sexual orientation.
Injustice and inequality can lead to or be caused by discrimination, which is defined as the
unfair treatment of different categories of people, especially based on race, age, sex or
disability. Discrimination can also occur based on stereotypes and prejudices. These are
preconceived ideas about someone, which are not based on actual encounters or
experiences. These can have a negative impact on a person's wellbeing and mental health.
They undermine people's confidence and self-esteem and can ultimately lead to mental
illnesses like anxiety or depression, as well as physical illness as a result of the underlying
stress caused by discrimination. There are huge differences in how women and men are
treated, these differences highlight the inequalities that women in particular face on a daily
basis. One of these inequalities is the gender pay gap, although the pay gap is gradually
narrowing, it still exists, for example women get paid 14.3% less than men according to The
, House of Common Library (2024). This is sex discrimination; it can have a huge negative
impact on women as they have to work longer and harder to earn the same pay as men.
Because of gender stereotypes, both women and men are expected to do certain jobs. Men
are seen as stronger and more capable of performing physical labour, while women are seen
as more vulnerable and more likely to take on more "relaxed" jobs like a housewife or go
into female-based jobs like midwives. There is a prejudice against male nurses and female
doctors, with the idea that women should be nurses and men doctors. This stereotype can
have a negative impact on a person's mental health. Women may feel that they are not good
enough for jobs that are typically
considered men's work. This can affect
self-confidence and lead to anxiety and
depression. There are inequalities in the
way men and women are treated in the
healthcare system. These include men
being taken more seriously in the
diagnostic process, their pain being
taken more seriously and therefore
being treated more quickly, and women being labelled as hysterical as they have a ‘lower’
tolerance for pain and ‘exaggerate’ it. These inequalities and discrimination can have a
negative impact on women's health and in extreme cases can lead to death as presented by
a 20-year-old woman who went on BBC News (2024) and said to the reporters it took 9 years
for her to get a diagnosis and actually be heard.
Explaining how demographic data is used in service provision in a local health and social
care setting.
The term "demographic data" refers to the size and structure of a population. For example,
sex demographic splits statistics between men and women. This can be a smaller grouping,
such as one region of a country or globally. They assess changes in population, birth rates,
death rates, employment levels, etc. When looking at population, we analyse the natural
changes in population (birth and death rates) along with changes due to immigration and
migration. This is very important in health and social care because individuals can use the
information collected to ensure that there are enough facilities and arrangements in place to
maintain population levels. For example, as more children are born, more primary and
secondary schools may be needed to ensure that all children receive an education. Current
demographic data is important because our society is constantly changing. It ensures that
the services we provide are up to date with the amount of people who need care and can
provide the best possible care, without this data, access to healthcare could become even
more difficult, for example, if birth rates rise rapidly, maternity wards may need to increase
capacity or hire more staff. These factors could ensure that the wards run smoothly.
However, if these new measures are not put in place, the number of people needing this
care will exceed the care capacity, this could lead to further problems. If there are not
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