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PSS final prep exam 2 questions & answers 2024/2025
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PSS final prep exam 2 questions & answers 2024/2025 steps in classical biological control (6 steps) - ANSWERS1. choosing appropriate targets + generating support 2. obtaining correct pest identification 3. surveys of the pest's natural enemies in the invaded area 4. identifying the pest's n...

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  • August 13, 2024
  • 8
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • pss final prep exam 2 questions answers 2024202

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PSS final prep exam 2 questions &
answers 2024/2025

steps in classical biological control (6 steps) - ANSWERS1. choosing appropriate targets + generating
support

2. obtaining correct pest identification

3. surveys of the pest's natural enemies in the invaded area

4. identifying the pest's native range

5. collecting natural enemies in targeted locations

6. judging the potential of candidate natural enemies to suppress the pest



assessing safety and impact of candidates (4 steps) - ANSWERS1. creating colonies of natural enemies in
quarantine

2. estimating each natural enemy's host range

3. assessing impacts on the pest and non-target species

4. assessing the program's completeness and economic values



obtaining proper identification - ANSWERSconsult a systematist - herbarium, natural history museums,
science experts

molecular traits

mtDNA sequences - insects

chloroplast DNA for plants



desirable attributes for classical biological control agents - ANSWERSecological match with host habitat

temporal synchronization

high dispersal ability

host specificity

compatibility with host physiology

, simple food requirements

free from hyperparasitism



assessing safety and impact of candidates - ANSWERS1. petition for release

2. assessing impacts on the pest and non-target species (pre and post release)

3. assessing the program's completeness and economic values



new-association projects - ANSWERSnative pests may be controlled using relatives of pests from other
biogeographic regions (closely related, with same genus)

If the origin is unknown, a closely related species may be used to control the pest



constraints around new-association interactions - ANSWERSparasitoid may physiologically be unable to
overcome host defenses (ex. encapsulation)

host may be unattractive to natural enemy

natural enemy may show lower attack rates



CBC and new association projects do not appear to differ in terms of success



problems of new-association projects - ANSWERSnative weeds support other species (intros may
displace other natural enemies)

weeds may be valued as native plants in parks and nature reserves

natural enemies identified through new-associations projects have broader host ranges



successful case histories of CBC - ANSWERScheck class notes



augmentation - ANSWERSthe intentional release of natural enemies; either native or non-native, which
are naturally too low to manage the pest population



inundative releases - ANSWERSnatural enemies are released in the field to directly kill pests (not
expected to produce many offspring)

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