EU Private Law Practice Question Guide With Correct Detailed Answers.
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Module
PRIVATE LAW
Institution
PRIVATE LAW
It shall apply in civil and commercial matters whatever the nature of the court or tribunal, does not apply to arbitration - correct answer What is the scope of the 2012 regulation?
Usually a permanent body which acts according to the law, its decisi...
It shall apply in civil and commercial matters whatever the nature of the court or tribunal, does not
apply to arbitration - correct answer What is the scope of the 2012 regulation?
Usually a permanent body which acts according to the law, its decisions are binding and they are subject
to autonomy, independence and impartiality - correct answer What are the
main characteristics of a court or tribunal?
Economic relations, relating to free movement of goods, free circulation of services and capital
movements in the EU etc. - correct answer What does the regulation say is the
meaning of civil and commercial matters according to article 1?
Classification or characterization i.e. what is the juridical nature of the conflict - correct answer
Where there is a conflict of law and the applicable law must be established, what is the first step?
They must determine whether the national or the foreign law is to be applied - correct answer
After establishing the area of law concerned in a conflict what is the next step for a national court?
It is a link between an event, thing or person to a country classified by the nature of the connecting
factor - correct answer What is meant by the connecting factor?
Involves finding the law which is most closely related to the transaction or legal relationship involved -
correct answer Most common law countries adopt the 'proper law' approach
where there is legal conflict, what is this?
civil jurisdictions use precise legal concepts which give the benefit of certainty but may not deliver the
fairest results whilst common law jurisdictions use the closest connected law which appears fairer -
correct answer Civil vs common law approach of finding the applicable law
The governing law will be applied using the applicable connecting factor and where the foreign law is to
be applied the court will then take into account any conflicts between the relevant private and public
, law - correct answer After classifying the factual aspect of the conflict what is
the next step?
Forgo case (1882) - correct answer Which case established the Renvoi rule?
A Bavarian national had lived since the age of 5 in France and after his death his relatives claimed the
inheritance, according to French law the estate was to be governed by the national law of the deceased
which would be the Bavarian law, according to Bavarian conflict law rules the estate was to be governed
by the law of the deceased's domicile which was France, so the French law applied and the French state
absorbed the inheritance - correct answer What happened in the Forgo case?
When the foreign conflict rules refer the case back to its starting point (lex fori) this is called remission
and when the foreign conflict rules refer the case to a third country the process is called transmission -
correct answer Explain the two forms of the Renvoi
1. Rejection - in many places the renvoi is not accepted, 2. Partial Renvoi - some legal system will only
apply third country law through transmission if the country accepts their law to be applied & 3. Total
Renvoi - applying the foreign law just as the foreign court would - correct answer
Explain the three approaches to the Renvoi
The court applying the foreign law must consider the substantial law of the foreign country as well as
their private international law approach including how they approach the Renvoi - correct answer
What makes total application of the Renvoi a complicated process?
Public and criminal foreign law, foreign law contrary to public policy or overriding mandatory rules of
the domestic country - correct answer In which circumstances can the foreign
law be excluded?
Usually the court applies only the foreign private but If there is a criminal provision affecting the case,
the court can exclude the criminal law or it can apply it regardless as the court cannot directly hold
responsible the criminal wrong - correct answer What happens if there is an
aspect or foreign public law in a conflict case?
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