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UK Government Key Points, Examples & Judgements £3.49
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  3. PEARSON (PEARSON)
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  5. Government And Politics
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  7. Unit 2 - Governing the UK

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UK Government Key Points, Examples & Judgements
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A comprehensive list of notes on UK Government - all you need for the Pearson Edexcel A-Level Government & Politics Exam. Key points, examples and judgements for: Devolution; Parliament; the Executive; and the Supreme Court. 5 pages, 4300+ words Helped me get an A* in A-Level Government & Politi...

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  • August 22, 2024
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Section Key Points Key Examples
Devolution  More proportional representation  Northern Ireland Assembly established in 1998 following Good Friday
 Additional powers to target local issues/aspects that differ region by region Agreement, Scottish Parliament and Welsh Assembly set up in 1999,
(e.g. culture/language) Greater London Assembly set up in 2000
 Westminster is dominated (82%) by MPs for English constituencies  AMS in Scotland and Wales, STV in NI
 Allows power-sharing governments in communities in which there are  Parliament voting on English matters - successful vote on foundation
tensions between different groups hospitals in Nov 2003 only impacted England; had it been restricted
 Satiates nationalism to English MPs, it would have been defeated
 More democratic and representative as the government is brought to the  English votes for English matters was emphasised when Scottish MPs
people were able to aid the passage of a bill which imposed top-up fees on
 Shines a light on minority issues, which may not receive a voice in parliament English university students in 2004, despite the fact that their own
 Reduces the workload of parliament, ensuring that they have the time and constituents would be unaffected by this
resources to consider the most serious matters  Significant policies made by Scottish Parliament – drink driving limits
 Could fuel desire for independence/rise in nationalism and taxation powers given in 2012, and further powers concerning
 Leads to different systems affecting people within the same country – e.g. taxation and welfare given in 2015/16
taxes  NI Assembly didn’t sit between 2002-07 due to a breakdown of trust
 Low turnout reduces legitimacy  45% Scottish people voting to separate from the UK in 2014
 Ideas for an English Parliament have not gained widespread support demonstrates widespread nationalism
 Prospective future reforms include: further powers to England, British Bill of  Economies in devolved areas have succeeded – e.g. Manchester’s
Rights, further HoL reform, further powers given to judiciary, proportional employment has risen
representation  Less than 1/3rd Manchester voted Andy Burnham to be mayor
 ECHR/HRA arguably don’t clearly outline/protect citizens’ rights  17 areas had mayors by 2015 – share oversight of policy areas such
 By-laws are regulations made by a local authority – can be ruled as ultra vires as transport, policing and economic development
 Local issues can be debated in Westminster  Further devolution referendum in the North East in 2004 saw 78%
vote against further elected regional assemblies as people thought
that this might be expensive with little impact
 Parks and green spaces in Gorton, Manchester were discussed in
June 2022
Parliament  HoC has exclusive power to give consent to taxation, reacts to measures put  HoC failing to defeat legislation – Police, Crime, Sentencing and
before it by the executive and is rarely able to defend/significantly amend Courts Act 2022 was passed despite significant opposition within the
legislation, party whips ensure that MPs attend votes HoC (including by Labour)
 HoC has the responsibility to scrutinise the executive and expose its errors.  Opposition motions failing – Labour failed to overturn the
They use MQs/PMQs (though the latter is criticised for unnecessary government majority on their vote to extend free school meals
theatrics/point-scoring nature), Select Committees (limited by high turnover throughout the Christmas holidays in 2020
and lack of resources), debates (including ability of MPs to choose topic of  Use of three-line whip – Cameron used a three-line whip in 2011 to
debate for one day per week) compel his party to reject an EU referendum, but 96 defied
 HoC/HoL provide ministers, with whips making recommendations to the PM this/abstained, demonstrating the divisiveness of the issue
regarding suitable candidates  Jeremy Corbyn defied the Labour whip over 500 times

 MPs use their judgment on how to vote, but there is a strong link between  PMQs as theatrical – Cameron taking out a picture of Larry, the

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