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Alevel Biology Revision notes for Module 5 (5.2) Chapter 14 Hormonal communication. Detailed summary notes. £6.48
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Alevel Biology Revision notes for Module 5 (5.2) Chapter 14 Hormonal communication. Detailed summary notes.

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Investing in OCR A Biology revision notes for hormonal communication is crucial for exam success, as this topic is tested in Papers 1, 2, and 3. These notes help you grasp complex concepts quickly, meeting the breadth and depth required by the OCR A specification. With well-structured revision mate...

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  • September 6, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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5.1.4 Ch14 Hormonal Communication

, 14.1 The Endocrine System

• Like the nervous system, the endocrine system is a form of cell signalling that helps us to respond to our
environment
• The endocrine system sends information as chemical signals (rather than electrical signals)
• It is made up of:
• Glands (called endocrine glands)
• Hormones (chemical messengers)
• Target cells/tissues
• Endocrine glands are groups of cells that are specialised to secrete chemicals
• These chemicals are known as hormones




Secretion of hormones

• Hormones are secreted directly into the bloodstream when a gland is stimulated. This can occur as a result
of a nerve impulse, another hormone, or a change in concentration of a particular substance, such as blood
glucose concentration

• Once secreted, the hormones are transported in the blood plasma all over the body

• Hormones will diffuse out of the bloodstream all over the body but each hormone will only bind to specific
receptors for that hormone, found on the membranes, or in the cytoplasm of some cells, called target cells

• Tissues that contain target cells are called target tissues

• The hormones trigger a response in the target cells (the effectors)

Stimuli to response pathway

Stimulus → Receptor → Hormone release → Effectors → Response

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