Summary

Summary document of Chapter 5 Evolution and biodiversity IB Biology

0 purchase

Module
Internationale baccalaureate

Institution
Internationale Baccalaureate

Book
IB Biology Course Book

Includes defenitions needed for the topic, summary notes for each four subtopic inside Topic 5. It also includes frequent exam questions asked for this specific topic with markschemes.

[Show more]

Preview 2 out of 9 pages

View example

Summarized whole book? No
Which chapters are summarized? Chapter 5-evolution and biodiversity
Uploaded on September 23, 2024
Number of pages 9
Written in 2024/2025
Type Summary

£5.17

Add to cart

Save

100% satisfaction guarantee
Immediately available after payment
Both online and in PDF
No strings attached

Topic 5 Biology

Definitions
Evolution -heritable characteristics of a species changes
-cumulative change in a population of species over time
 adaptation of a population due to natural selection
Adaptive radiation Had the same origin from an ancestor that and that they bame different as
they preform different functions
 rapid evolutionary diversification of a single ancestral line
 n evolutionary biology, adaptive radiation is a process in which organisms
diversify rapidly from an ancestral species into a multitude of new forms,
particularly when a change in the environment makes new resources available,
alters biotic interactions or opens new environmental niche
Speciation Splitting of species into new species- diverge into separate species
-population of species can diverge into separate species by evolution
 characteristics of the population will gradually diverge
-population of species extends its range by migrating to an island: large
number of endemic
clades -species that share common ancestry and their divergence from eachother
cladograms Are tree diagrams that show the most probable sequence of diverge in
clades
Convergent -analogous structures develop due to convergent evolution
evolution
Homologous Homologous structures are similar physical features in organisms that
structures share a common ancestor, but the features serve completely different
functions had the same origin from an ancestor but have become
different as they preform different functions
Analogous Different origins but have become similar similar as they preform the same
structures or similar function
 same function but not a common ancester
melanism Development of melanistic insects in polluted areas
 continuous speciation: different physical varieties of the same species
 peppered moth: melanistic variety of the peppered moth has become
common in industrial areas: natural selection
 industrial melanism
Adaptations Characteristics that make an individual more suited to its environment
 developed through natural selection and not in one lifetime
Natural selection -individuals better adapted to the environment survive and reproduce to
create more offspring’s whilst individuals not adapted to the environment
die or produce fewer offspring’s
 variation in species leads to certain characteristics which are better
adapted to the environment: natural selection will favor such individuals
 frequency of better adapted individuals increases in the population:
variation in species occurs which creates different characteristics for
species
Acquired -characteristics that develop throughout an individual’s lifetime and cannot
characteristics be inherited

, Binomial system -used worldwide to classify newly discovered species
-given scientific names using the binomial system
=Genus and then species
 genus is written in capital letters and species in lowercase and latin font
-taxonomists classify species based on the hierarchy of taxa: king Philip cam
over for great sex
Kingdom, Philip, Class, Order, Family, Species
genus Taxonomy order after species
 group of species that share common characteristics
Domains Eubacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryote

Natural -the classification of organisms based on shared ancestry
classification  unnatural: classification based on similarities of species
Divergent when individuals in one species, or closely related species, acquire enough
evolution variations in their traits that it leads to two distinct new species.
Convergent evolution on the other hand is when two unrelated species
develop similar traits because they live in similar environments.

Homologous structures Analogous structures
-are similar as they have similar ancestry -similar due to convergent evolution:
similarities in structure and function but
have evolved independently

5.1 Evidence for evolution
Evidence from fossils -fossil fuels have gaps in the structure of species
 sequence in which fossil fuels appear matches the sequence of
evolution- expected sequence of evolution
-comparison with fossils and living organisms shows change from
ancestral forms
 different species existed in the past
-bacteria then fungi then worm
Evidence from -homologous structures: evolution of homologous structures by
homologous adaptive radiation explains similarities in structure when there are
structure differences in function

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller fruzsinalakatoshu. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for £5.17. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

65963 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 15 years now

Start selling

Summary

Summary document of Chapter 5 Evolution and biodiversity IB Biology

Document information

Subjects

Connected book

More summaries for

Written for

Seller

Content preview