NCE/LPC Exam Study Guide/213
Questions with Answers A+ Scores
Ego's need for immediate gratification. - - Pleasure Principle
- The cause or ____________of abnormal behavior is difficult to determine in
most cases. - - Etiology
- An individual who is happy,autonomous, & creative has reached
______________. - - Self-actualization
- This is necessary from parents for children to develop healthy concepts.
(Rogers) - - Unconditional Positive Regard
- Accomplished by rewarding success of desired behavior. - - Shaping
- Learning method involving the conditioning of new stimuli to existing
responses. - - Classical Conditioning
- A behavior modification used to establish new behavior. - - reinforcement
- The designations "common," "personal," & "cardinal" refer to
______________. - - Trait Theory
- Individuals are in an interactional relationship with their environment. - -
contextual worldview
- Freud believed human behavior is mainly motivated by the psychosexual
energy called __________. - - libido
- Relearning by using a particular stimulus to establish a new, more adaptive
response - - counter conditioning
- Idea that there are many different ways to interpret events, each one
leading to different behaviors. - - Kelly's concept of Constructive
Alternativism
- A severe psychological disorder involving loss of contact with reality. - -
Psychosis
- Process of development and body change resulting from heredity rather
than learning. - - Maturation
- Vicarious conditioning occurs through observed________. - - modeling
, - The unpleasantness of _________motivates individuals to avoid or reduce
inconsistencies in cognitive structure. - - cognitive dissonance
- Used by individuals to maintain feelings of adequacy and self-worth rather
than coping directly with a stressful situation. - - defense mechanisms
- Used to help reduce anxiety experienced by an agoraphobic client. - -
systematic desensitization
- Skinner believes the social environment provides a variety of __________to
help shape human behavior. - - consequences
- Patterns of ____________that may be organic, psychological, or sociocultural
in origin. - - abnormal behavior
- The tendency toward subjective functioning, with the self being of greatest
importance. - - Jung's theory of Introversion
- Behavior modification programs in schools/group homes used to motivate
participants. - - token economy
- This approach to human functioning stresses the importance of each
individual's perception of reality. - - Phenomenological
- Emphasizes the importance of genetic and physical contributors to
maladaptive behavior. - - biological viewpoint
- Use of family constellation - - Adler
- traits and values - - Allport
- vicarious conditioning - - Bandura
- 16 Personality Factor Questionairre - - Cattell
- stage theory of development - - Erikson
- Cognitive dissonance - - Festinger
- id, ego, superego - - Freud
- introversion-extroversion - - Jung
- cognitive meaning making - - Kegan
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