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AQA PSYCHOLOGY - APPROACHES IN PSYCHOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED 2024/2025 £8.17
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AQA PSYCHOLOGY - APPROACHES IN PSYCHOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED 2024/2025
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AQA PSYCHOLOGY - APPROACHES IN PSYCHOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED 2024/2025 The Learning Approach Behaviourism and Social Learning Theory Behaviourism A way of explaining behaviour in terms of what's observable and in terms of learning. Classical Condition...

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  • September 28, 2024
  • 6
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • aqa psychology approaches in psychology exam que

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  • AQA PSYCHOLOGY
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AQA PSYCHOLOGY - APPROACHES IN PSYCHOLOGY

EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH

COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED 2024/2025


The Learning Approach


Behaviourism and Social Learning Theory


Behaviourism


A way of explaining behaviour in terms of what's observable and in terms of learning.


Classical Conditioning


Learning by association. Occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired together - an unconditioned

stimulus and a new 'neutral' stimulus. The neutral stimulus eventually produces the same response that

the unconditioned stimulus produced alone at the start.


Unconditioned Stimulus - UCS


In Classical Conditioning, the stimulus that inevitably produces an innate reflex response such as food

producing a salivation response.


Unconditioned Response - UCR


In Classical Conditioning, an innate reflex response to a stimulus such as salivating when presented with

food.

, Conditioned Stimulus - CS


In Classical Conditioning, the neutral stimulus (NS) becomes the CS after the NS has been paired with the

UCS. The NS now takes on the properties of the USC and produces the unconditioned response which is

now a conditioned response (CR)


Conditioned Response - CR


In Classical Conditioning, the response elicited by the conditioned stimulus (CS) e.g. a new association

has been learned so that the NS produces the UCR which is now called the CR.


Pavlov's Research


Classical conditioning was discovered by Ivan Pavlov in the early 1900s. He noticed that when the dog in

his laboratory heard footsteps of the person who brought him food, it started to salivate. Salivation is a

reflex response that occurs when an animal smells food.


Operant Conditioning


A form of learning where behaviour is shaped and maintained by its consequences. Possible

consequences of behaviour include positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement and punishment.


Positive Reinforcement


Receiving a reward when a certain behaviour is performed. It increases the likelihood of the behaviour

being performed again.


Negative Reinforcement


Occurs when an animal or human avoids a something unpleasant. It increases the likelihood of the

behaviour being performed again.


Punishment

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