Haustoria - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Specialized hyphae that release exoenzymes for
extracellular digestion
Fungus are typically in what state? Diploid or Haploid? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
HAPLOID
Fungi Reproduction - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Can produce both asexually and sexually
Fertilization (Syngamy) occurs initially with fusion of cytoplasm (Plasmogamy)
,Usually, mitotic cell division begins BEFORE nuclei fuse (karyogamy)
Dikaryotic stage - transition ploidy (n+n)
After karyogamy, meiosis can occur to produce genetically unique spores.
No male or female, just + and -.
Sporangium - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- generic name for spore producing structure
Phylum Zygomycota - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Kingdom Fungi
Spores dispersed by air
Hyphae w/ few or no septa
No female or male, but + or -.
Sexually - Zygote (2n) engages in meiosis in the zygosporangium producing genetically
unique zygospores
Asexually - producing spores from sporangia mitotically, genetically identical
Ex: Rhizopus - Black bread mold
Rhizopus - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Phylum Zygomycota
Black bread mold
Phylum Ascomycota - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Kingdom Fungi
Largest class
free-living and symbiotic
spores dispersed by air
Septate hyphae w/ perforations
Ascus/spore sac forms ASCOCARP
Asexually - Conidia (spores) pinch off from conidiophores
Sexually - 2 Hyphae fuse to form n+n structure
Plasmogamy, already start dividing mitotically
Ascoscarp (structure that produces spores) pops up out of ground via mitosis
Karyogamy - nuclei fuse, now diploid
, Meiosis occurs - 4 genetically unique ascospores
Mitosis occurs - 8 haploid ascospores, 4 of which are unique
Claviceps "Rye Ergot" - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Phylum Ascomycota
Poisonous, can cause rye ergot poisoning
Can occur with too much moisture
Penicillium - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Phylum Ascomycota
Penicillin
First antibiotic
Morels & Truffles - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Phylum Ascomycota
Considered a delicacy, expensive
Cheese, wine & Bread - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Phylum Ascomycota
Yeast fungi present. Fermentation used for taste, alcohol and carbon dioxide bubble. Blue
cheese - fungal hyphae
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