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Summary Blood Pharma

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Summary of 8 pages for the course medicine at UWCM (Blood Pharma)

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  • November 2, 2024
  • 8
  • 2024/2025
  • Summary
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nerdsnexus
Blood

Hematinics

Iron

Symptoms of deficiency:

o Pica

o Upward curvature of fingers & toe nails

o Soreness

o Cracking at the corners of the mouth

Mechanism of Action:

o Supplementation with elemental iron

o Oral administration (150-180 mg/day) 2-3 times a day

o Acidic conditions in stomach keep iron in the reduced Fe2+ form

o Absorbed in the duodenum

o Increase dosage = decrease absorption

o Ferrous sulfate is the most common form (high Fe concentration, low cost)

o Parenteral administration (effects occur rapidly)

o Iron dextran: macrophages release iron from dextran

o Iron sucrose: mechanisms transfer iron to transferrin

Adverse: abdominal pain, dark stool, constipation, diarrhea, hypersensitivity & fatal reactions

can occur if given parenterally (iron dextran)

, Folic Acid (Folate)

Deficiency caused by:

o Increased demand

o Poor absorption

o Alcoholism

o Drugs (medicine)

o Oral administration = non-toxic

o Excess secreted in feces & urine

o Absorbed in jujenum



Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin & Hydroxocobalamin)

Deficiency caused by:

o Poor absorption of the vitamin due to lack of parietal cells to produce intrinsic factor

Treatment:

o For obesity surgery: cyanocobalamin needed in large oral doses (sublingual or parenteral

once/month)

o Intramuscular = hydoxocobalamine = rapid response = highly protein bound and longer

plasma levels

o Vitamins can be administered orally (dietery deficiency), intra-muscular, subcutaneously

(pernicious anemia)

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