Summary
Summary Blood Pharma
- Module
- Medicine
Summary of 8 pages for the course medicine at UWCM (Blood Pharma)
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BloodHematinics
Iron
Symptoms of deficiency:
o Pica
o Upward curvature of fingers & toe nails
o Soreness
o Cracking at the corners of the mouth
Mechanism of Action:
o Supplementation with elemental iron
o Oral administration (150-180 mg/day) 2-3 times a day
o Acidic conditions in stomach keep iron in the reduced Fe2+ form
o Absorbed in the duodenum
o Increase dosage = decrease absorption
o Ferrous sulfate is the most common form (high Fe concentration, low cost)
o Parenteral administration (effects occur rapidly)
o Iron dextran: macrophages release iron from dextran
o Iron sucrose: mechanisms transfer iron to transferrin
Adverse: abdominal pain, dark stool, constipation, diarrhea, hypersensitivity & fatal reactions
can occur if given parenterally (iron dextran)
, Folic Acid (Folate)
Deficiency caused by:
o Increased demand
o Poor absorption
o Alcoholism
o Drugs (medicine)
o Oral administration = non-toxic
o Excess secreted in feces & urine
o Absorbed in jujenum
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin & Hydroxocobalamin)
Deficiency caused by:
o Poor absorption of the vitamin due to lack of parietal cells to produce intrinsic factor
Treatment:
o For obesity surgery: cyanocobalamin needed in large oral doses (sublingual or parenteral
once/month)
o Intramuscular = hydoxocobalamine = rapid response = highly protein bound and longer
plasma levels
o Vitamins can be administered orally (dietery deficiency), intra-muscular, subcutaneously
(pernicious anemia)
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