PSYC 2700 Exam 3 Questions And Already Passed Answers.
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Module
PSYC 2700
Institution
PSYC 2700
Psychoanalytic Theories - Answer -development determined by how well people solve conflicts
-stage theories
-but early development also have a major impact on development throughout life
Freud's Theory: General - Answer -interested in origins and treatment of mental illness
-patients' ...
-If trust in others does not develop now, person will have difficulty forming intimate relationships later
on
Erikson: Stage 2 - Answer -1-3 years
-Crucial issue: strong sense of autonomy
-children want autonomy but also doubt their abilities and sometimes feel shame
-Caregiving: supportive, self-control w/o loss of self-esteem, no severe punishment
Erikson: Stage 3 - Answer -4-6 years
-Crucial issue: initiative to meet high goals, with regard for others
-identify with parents, internalize standards (conscience)
-set high standards for themselves, which can lead to conflict with others (guilt)
-Caregiving: Not overly controlling or punitive
Erikson: Stage 4 - Answer -6 years to puberty
, -Crucial Issue: Learn to work industriously and cooperate with peers
-master cognitive and social skills
-Experiences: Successful experiences give sense of competence; failure can give rise to excessive feelings
of inadequacy
Erikson: Stage 5 - Answer -Adolescence to early adulthood
-Crucial Issue: achieving core sense of identity
-Child --> adult
-face questions about future
-must resolve crucial questions about identity and role as an adult
Evaluation of Freud and Erikson - Answer -too vague to be tested
-many specific elements are questionable and not supported by research
Behaviorism and Conditioning - Answer - John B. Watson (Little Albert)
-conditioning is a primary mechanism of development
-reinforcement and punishment determine likelihood of the behavior recurring
Social Learning - Answer -Albert Bandura
-Emphasis on observation and imitation
-Learning is social-children learn by watching others (bobo doll study)
-child is active in his/her own development --> reciprocal determinism
Evaluation of Watson and Bandura - Answer -based on experiments, made testable predictions, have
led to clinical and practical applications
-BUT traditionally do not consider role of cognition or individual's own contributions to her
development, do not consider biological influences on development
Social Cognitive Theories - Answer -child actively processes social information
-child's thinking and reasoning about the social world is limited by complexity of thought processes
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