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Edexcel A level Biology Exam Study Guide Solutions Molecular phylogeny - ANSWER-It compares the structure of a particular molecule from different organisms to discover their degree of evolutionary relation. Somatic cell - ANSWER-A cell in an organism which isn't a gamete. DNA - ANSWER-Deoxyrib...

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  • November 10, 2024
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Edexcel A level Biology Exam Study Guide

Solutions


Molecular phylogeny - ANSWER✔✔-It compares the structure of a particular molecule from different

organisms to discover their degree of evolutionary relation.


Somatic cell - ANSWER✔✔-A cell in an organism which isn't a gamete.


DNA - ANSWER✔✔-Deoxyribose nucleic acid. Carries the genetic information for cells and some viruses.


mRNA - ANSWER✔✔-Messenger ribose nucleic acid (single stranded). The product of transcription.


Speciation - ANSWER✔✔-The process through which a species is created


Sympatric - ANSWER✔✔-Due to reproductive isolation.


Allopatric - ANSWER✔✔-Due to geographical isolation


Niche - ANSWER✔✔-The role an an organism in an ecosystem.


Habitat - ANSWER✔✔-The natural environment in which a species lives.


Biodiversity - ANSWER✔✔-The diversity of plant and animal life in a particular habitat


Ecosystem - ANSWER✔✔-Organisms and their interactions with biotic and abiotic factors.


Carpentered world hypothesis - ANSWER✔✔-People who live in a world with many straight lines and

right angles tend to interpret obtuse and acute angles as right angles.




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Muller-Lyer Illusion - ANSWER✔✔-An illusion where a man could be pointing at two different objects,

but depth cues let us know it is the object in the foreground he is pointing to.


Inhibitory synapse - ANSWER✔✔-These are synapses that make it less likely that an action potential will

happen in the post synaptic membrane.


Auxins - ANSWER✔✔-Plant hormones that stimulate growth by causing cells to elongate.


Indoleacetic acid (IAA) - ANSWER✔✔-A specific type of auxin.


Summation - ANSWER✔✔-When the effect of multiple impulses adds up.


Spatial summation - ANSWER✔✔-Summation from many impulses from different neurons.


Temporal summation - ANSWER✔✔-Summation from multiple consecutive impulses from a single

neuron.


Excitatory synapse - ANSWER✔✔-These synapses make the postsynaptic membranes more permeable to

sodium ions.


Synapse - ANSWER✔✔-Where two neurones meet.


Synaptic cleft - ANSWER✔✔-The gap in a synapse.


Nodes of Ranvier - ANSWER✔✔-These are gaps in the myelin sheath where depolarisation can occur.


Saltatory conduction - ANSWER✔✔-This is the conduction of an impulse by 'jumping' between the nodes

of ranvier.


Depolarisation - ANSWER✔✔-When the polarisation across the cell membrane is reversed, making the

inside of the axon positive and the outside negative.


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