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Summary - What is a state? - A Level Politics

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This 1 page document provides a brief overview of how a state can be defined and the key developments in the idea of nation statehood. This is useful for those studying Global Politics as part of the Edexcel A Level Politics course.

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  • November 17, 2024
  • 1
  • 2024/2025
  • Summary

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WHAT IS A STATE

Westphalian State System - 1648

- Established that no state has the legal right to intervene in the sovereign
affairs of another state
- All states possess the same legal right to independence

Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points - 1918

- Nation-state sovereignty should be given to peoples with shared ethnicity
→right to self-determination
- Established states such as Poland and Austria

Montevideo Convention - 1933

A sovereign state must possess:

- A defined territory
- A permanent population
- A viable government
- The capacity to enter into diplomatic relations with another state

This would mean a state could make laws within its borders and no outside influence
could challenge the borders

Post WW2

- Dismantling of colonies led to new independent states
- The end of communism and the breakdown of the USSR led to 15 new states
being established between 1989 and 1991

The UN and State Sovereignty

- Article 2 of the UN Charter refers to the ‘sovereign equality of all its’
members’. This means one state can’t intervene in another state’s affairs
- All states have equal territorial integrity →can’t invade or claim land
- States only have this if they are recognised as states
- Palestinians and Catalan claim nation statehood, but the UN doesn’t
accept their claims

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