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Stem Cells Summary

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Summary of stem cells

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  • Chapter 6.5
  • January 2, 2025
  • 4
  • 2015/2016
  • Summary
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estherokoruwa3009
6.5 Stem Cells
First review @November 13, 2023

Practise Q's Done

Second review @November 17, 2023

the process of a cell becoming specialised is differentiation— this allows the cell to
carry out specific functions within an organism

differentiation involves the expression of a select few genes within a cell

Stem Cells
all cells begin as undifferentiated cells— these are cells that originate from cell
division, this can be either mitosis or meiosis

stem cells are not adapted to carry out any specific functions and have the potential to
differentiate into different specialised cells within an organism

stem cells are able to undergo cell division until they become senescent (reach their max
cell divisions) and then enter the G0 phase

activity of stem cells must be closely monitored— if they divide too slowly, tissue cells
won’t be replaced fast enough and if they divide too quickly and uncontrollably then a
cancerous tumour may develop

Stem cell potency:

potency— a cells ability to differentiate into different cell types

the greater the number of cells it can differentiate into, the greater the potency

types of potency:

totipotent— can differentiate into any type of cell including embryonic tissue cells,
only totipotent until embryonic tissue cells are formed

pluripotent— can differentiate into any cell except embryonic tissue cells, cannot
form a new organism like totipotent cells

multipotent— can only differentiate into cells of the same type tissue, e.g.
haematopoietic stem cells give rise to many types of blood cells and are found in
bone marrow




6.5 Stem Cells 1

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