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Wildland Firefighting Exam |168 Questions with Answers A+ Graded
Wildland Firefighting Exam |168 Questions with Answers A+ Graded
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Wildland Firefighting Exam |168Questions with Answers A+ Graded
The range of ignition temperatures of wood is between ____and ____degrees
Fahrenheit - -400 & 700
- Normally the woody fuel of the wildland will burst into flame at approx.
____ degrees ( assuming sufficient 02 is present) - -540
- The highest temperature that the sun could be expected to develop on a
wind sheltered surface is ____ or ____ degrees - -150, 160
- Fire will burn as fiercely in darkness as it did in the daytime as a result of
____ - -wind
- Define Temperature Inversion - -In an inversion, cooler air is found nearer
the surface, with a warming trend at a higher altitude
- Fires burning in the cooler environment of an ____ can be expected to
subside, become dormant and sluggish, as higher relative humidity and
higher fuel moistures become available - -inversion
- The most prominent danger period involving an inversion will occur at ____
- -at the point when sluggish lower elevation fire suddenly burns through the
lid into the warmer air above
- Vertical air currents do not automatically develop in unstable air; some
external force or lifting action such as convection caused by surface heating
or lifting over mountains ( ____ lifting) must supply the initial motion - -
orographic
- Decreasing temperature and increasing humidity of evening will cause a
fire burning in a wooded canyon to " ____" through the night - -lay down
- Fresh air is sucked toward the fire from a lower elevation or down along
the canyon sides and the sleeping fire bursts into new life with explosive
speed and energy. This erratic fire behavior may form a " ____" condition - -
Blow up
- _____,which is simply water in a gaseous state,is a most important
ingredient in weather - -Water vapor (relative humidity)
- The ____ is that temperature, at any given altitude, at which the air
becomes completely saturated. - -dew point
, - The term ____ indicates the ratio of the amount of water vapor actually
present to the maximum amount that the air potentially could hold. - -
relative humidity
- If relative humidity is ____ percent, the air is said to be completely
saturated - -100%
- When the relative humidity descends below about ____, the situation is
becoming favorable for wildland fire. - -30%
- When humidity is 40% or more how is grass affected and how will it burn. -
-Grass is affected quite readily and may not burn at all for an hour or so after
the humidity changes.
- If fuel and topographic conditions do not alter the result, it can be said that
a strong wind in one prevailing direction will cause a long wedge or ____
shaped burn - -elliptical
- Large bodies of water, such as the ocean and lakes, usually cause winds to
blow ____ as the sun warms the land area about midday. - -inland
- The ____ (general) winds blowing above the surface are the predominant
element much of the time - -Gradient
- ____ fronts will often give visible evidence of their presence in the form of
high cloud cover. As these fronts pass over, there will usually be a marked
increase in wind velocity followed by abrupt ____ shift in direction from 45 to
180 degrees - -Cold, clockwise
- The one general statement that can be made regarding expected normal
wind movement in the mountains is that ____ winds will occur as the result of
surface heating in the daytime and ____ winds will occur as the result of
surface cooling at night. - -upslope winds, downslope winds
- Air will flow upward on what slopes first as the sun rises - -On the east
facing slopes first as the sun rises
- The ____ winds that normally occur in the fall of the year have the most
devastating and adverse effect on fires - -Foehn- characterized by blowing
downhill while hugging the land profile
- Foehn winds are known as ____ winds in Northern CA, ____ winds in the
Central Sierra and as Santa Ana winds in Southern CA. Foehn winds are off
shore winds and capable of reaching 80 to 90 mph - -North, Mono
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