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Environmental Factors Governing Bacterial Growth Notes

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PDF containing notes from the lecture "Environmental Factors Governing Bacterial Growth", from the module Cells to Systems. Document discusses different environmental factors influencing bacterial growth and bacterial classification

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  • January 22, 2025
  • 5
  • 2024/2025
  • Lecture notes
  • David rusling
  • All classes
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Environmental Factors
Governing Bacterial Growth
Created @November 9, 2024 4:43 PM

Class Microbiology

LO:

Discuss the various environmental factors influencing bacterial growth,
including essential elements, water, salt/osmolarity, pH, temperature, oxygen
availability

Describe bacterial classification based on growth under various environmental
conditions

Describe how bacterial culture medium considers the aforementioned
environmental growth factors



Environmental Factors Affecting Bacterial Growth

Requires a source of nitrogen, carbon, ions and nutrients

Temperature

Water and salt levels

pH

O2 levels in atmosphere



Essential Elements




Environmental Factors Governing Bacterial Growth 1

, Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, sulphur, phosphorous, potassium,
magnesium, calcium, iron, sodium and chloride

Lots of bacteria can produce molecules called Siderophores which can
isolate iron from iron stores within the body



Water

80% of cell mass is water

In the grow phase, nutrients and waste products enter the cell. Free
available water is a must

Water diffuses into the cell because cytoplasm has a higher solute
concentration leading to positive water balance



Osmolarity (Salt)

Many bacteria have adapted to sources containing high salt levels like
Halophiles

Halophiles require salt level saturation to be between 2.8M and 6.2 M

Salt can change the structure of proteins and membranes

Extreme halophiles can accumulate potassium leaving them hypertonic
(Osmotic pressure being higher than the surroundings), saturation
levels between 4-7M

Halotolerant bacteria- Able to survive in mediums containing high salt
concentrations



Effect of Ph

Environments contain a pH of 5 or 8/9, most organisms can grow in these
conditions

Acidophiles grow best between 5.5 and 8 pH

Alkalophiles grow best at pH’s 8.5-11




Environmental Factors Governing Bacterial Growth 2

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