Other

A* NOTES ON ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-MADE USING MARK SCHEMES

0 purchase

Module
Organic Chemistry

Institution
AQA

I did my AQA a level chemistry exam in 2024, where I achieved a high grade. During my time in A levels, I mastered learning mark schemes and understanding how they work. I have used my knowledge of the 2024 papers and mark schemes to create the best chemistry notes out there for a very reasonable ...

[Show more]

Preview 4 out of 71 pages

View example

Uploaded on February 17, 2025
Number of pages 71
Written in 2024/2025
Type Other
Person Unknown

£7.49

Also available in package deal from £20.49

Add to cart

Save

100% satisfaction guarantee
Immediately available after payment
Both online and in PDF
No strings attached

Also available in package deal (1)

A LEVEL CHEMISTRY A* NOTES-MADE USING MARK SCHEMES

£ 22.47 £ 20.49 3 items

1. Other - A* a level physical chemistry notes-made using mark schemes
2. Other - A* notes on organic chemistry-made using mark schemes
3. Other - A* notes on a level inorganic chemistry-made using mark schemes
Show more

A* A-Level organic Chemistry Notes:

,Introduction to organic chemistry:

1. Empirical formula: The simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element in a
compound.

2. Molecular formula: The actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.

3. General formula: he simplest algebraic formula for a homologous series

4. Structural formula: Shows the minimal detail about how atoms are bonded without drawing
bonds.

5. Displayed formula: A full representation of all atoms and bonds in a molecule.

6. Skeletal formula: A simplified structure where carbon atoms are represented by the ends of
lines, and hydrogens are omitted.

As stated in the definition when drawing the skeletal formula, we do not add the hydrogens, and the
carbon atoms are represented by the ends of lines.

Homologous series:
Homologous series: A family of organic compounds with the same functional group and general
formula, where each successive member differs by a CH₂ unit.

Functional group: An atom or group of atoms responsible for the chemical reactions of a compound.

● Trend in physical properties
● Same chemical properties

,When a compound contains more than 1 functional group, we prioritise the highest precedence group
and this functional group will take the suffix.
Carboxylic acids > aldehydes > ketones > alcohols > alkenes > halogenoalkanes

General rules when naming organic compounds:
● Always count the longest chain and understand the name of the compound. (E.g. 5 carbons
would suggest pent)
● Look for branched chains, and how many carbons in the branch
● Add the prefix for each branch
● When looking for the suffix, the position of the functional group tells us this.
● To find the number, count from the end of the chain which gives the lowest number.
● For aldehydes, carboxylic acids and nitriles, the functional group is always on carbon 1.

Alkenes:
● Alkenes have the general formula CnH2n.
● Alkenes may have E/Z at the start of the name, this is due to stereoisomerism which we will
explore later on.
● If 2 double bonds are present, then the suffix would be diene.
● If alcohol or carboxylic acid functional groups present, then the suffix will not go at the end.
We will use -en instead, so be careful when numbering.

, Halogenoalkanes:
● Name the halogens in alphabetical order (Fluoro-, Chloro-, Bromo-, Iodo-).
● Include position numbers for halogens and alkenes, making sure they have the lowest
number possible.
● If multiple halogens or alkenes, use prefixes (di-, tri-, tetra-).
● As alkenes have priority over haloalkanes, the haloalkane functional group goes in the middle.
● CH₃CBr=CHCl → 2-Bromo-1-chloroprop-1-ene

Alcohols:
● Alcohols end in -ol.
● If there are 2 or more alcohol groups, we use diol, triol etc. However if there are more than 1
alcohol group, when naming them, never forget the e.
● If the -OH group is present in a compound with a higher priority group such as -COOH, we use
-hydroxy instead of -ol.

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller subhaanzaheer. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for £7.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

68562 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 15 years now

Start selling