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Undertake agreed pressure area care
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- Care Credentials Wales
QCF Level 2 - Undertake agreed pressure area care - answers NVQ Level 2 - Undertake agreed pressure area care - answers
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UNIT 72UNDERTAKE
PRESSURE AGREED
AREA CARE
1.) Understand the anatomy and physiology of the skin in relation to
pressure area care.
1.1 - Describe the anatomy and physiology of the skin in relation to skin
breakdown and the development of pressure sores.
The first layer of the skin is the epidermis. The epidermis will regenerate
itself every 30 to 45 days, this can be seen as dead skin and usually fall off
naturally or are washed off. The epidermis has no blood.
• As skin ages, it becomes thinner which can lead to a loss of sensation
such as feeling little to no pain on the skin.
The next layer is the dermis. The dermis is where the first blood vessels are
in the skin and they are called capillaries. The dermis is also where the
sweat glands are and nerves.
• As skin ages, there becomes fewer sweat glands which contributes to
skin becoming dehydrated and flaky a lot quicker than usual.
The next layer is the subcutaneous tissue. The subcutaneous tissue is where
you will find larger blood vessels. This is also the layer where fat is present
which helps to protect and insulate the body.
• As skin ages, blood vessel become more delicate and are more prone
to damage which can lead to bruising easily.
1.2 - Identify pressure sites of the body.
The most common pressure sites of the body are where there is hard
contact. This includes;
• Back of the head
• Shoulders
• Elbow
• Buttocks
• Heels
• Toes
• Ears
, • Hips
• Knees
• Ankles
• Sacrum
1.3 - Identify factors which might put an individual at risk of skin breakdown
and pressure sores.
Factors that contribute to an individual's breakdown of skin and pressure
sores includes those that are incontinent, those that rely on assistance to
move, residents that have had previous skin breakdowns or pressure sores,
elderly, poor circulation, people who get dehydrated easily.
1.4 - Describe how incorrect handling and moving techniques can damage
the skin.
Incorrect moving and handling can damage the skin by causing more or new
damage to the skin.
This could include rough rolling or dragging of a resident, no matter how
small the movement, if the moving and handling is done incorrectly this can
cause serious damage to the resident's skin.
The damage caused by incorrect moving and handling could include skin
tears and pressure sores or ulcers.
1.5 - Identify a range of interventions that can reduce the risk of skin
breakdown and pressure sores.
Movement is very important to help reduce skin breakdown and pressure
sores.
Keep up to date with the individuals care plan and discuss with the nurse
and other staff members if there have been any changes to an individual's
skin care routine.
To combat this, if an individual has poor movement, it is important to
reposition them every couple of hours to help reduce skin damage.
Keeping an individual clean and hydrated will help to promote healthy skin
and prevent skin damage.
Applying hydrating creams to dry patches of skin can help reduce friction
and skin tears to an individual.
1.6 - Describe changes to an individual's skin condition that should be
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