CHEM0030

The document provides an in-depth exploration of the lanthanide series, providing everything you need to pass the exam, covering their unique chemical properties, oxidation states, electron configurations, and the lanthanide contraction. It explains how lanthanides are extracted from ores and separated, highlighting large-scale industrial methods like solvent extraction and smaller-scale techniques like ion-exchange chromatography. Key applications such as lasers, fiber optics, magnets, and the...

This document provides a detailed, in-depth examination of actinides, providing everything you need to know for the exam, focusing on their radiation types (alpha, beta, gamma), decay processes, and the measurement of radiation activity and dose. It outlines historical discoveries by Marie Curie and the development of non-fission applications such as uranium glass, thorium gas mantles, and 241Am smoke detectors. The section on nuclear applications highlights the processes of uranium enrichment, ...