Kidney failure - Study guides, Revision notes & Summaries

Final Review RENAL CALCULI  The gold standard for diagnosing a renal stone is CT scan.  Renal calculi can be found in the ureter or bladder.  Stones form when calcium and oxalate in the urine combine.  Calcium stones are the most commonly formed stones.  Struvite stones commonly result from a UTI.  Normally, there should not be stone formation in the urine. Our urine actually has inhibitors to prevent stone formation. These include citrate and magnesium.  Urine contains calc...

acute kidney injury acute reduction in GFR -GFR represents the sum of the filtration rate -therefore, GFR reflects functioning renal mass RFs -HTN, CKD, dehydration complications -hyperkalemia -metabolic acidosis -CKD AKI -- prerenal decreased renal perfusion hemorrhage, congestive heart failure, diuretic use osmolality > 500 FeNa+ < 1% Na+ < 20 BUN/Cr > 20:1 AKI -- intrarenal acute tubular necrosis -ischemia and toxic causes osmolality < 350 FeNa+ > 2% Na...

a brief summary of excretion : excretory organs, liver and kidney structure, kidney transplant, kidney failure, pregnancy testing, anabolic steroid testing. diagrams for structure of liver and kidney bullet points to summarise sequence of events in excretion key words highlighted for better recall

Final Exam Review Promoting Health & Health Restoration of Adults I NUR 4226 Fluid Volume Excess (Hypervolemia) • Causes: fluid overload or diminished homeostatic mechanisms, heart failure, kidney injury, cirrhosis of liver, consumption of excessive amounts of table salt or other sodium salts, excessive administration of sodium- containing fluids with impaired regulatory mechanisms • Clinical manifestations: acute weight gain, peripheral edema and ascites, distended jugular veins...

Magnesium (Mg+) - ***-normal limits 1.5-2.5 -basic function is muscle relaxation -in green vegetables, nuts, seafood, beans, dark chocolate Potasssium (K+) - ***-normal range 3.5-5.0 -can cause arrhythmias if levels are too high or too low -function of intracellular excitation -nerve conduction, heart function and skeletal muscle activity -food sources: bananas, avocados, citrus fruits, melons and raw spinach Calcium (Ca+) - ***-8.5-10.5 -found in bones and teeth -basic function is neu...

(Summary) Pharmacology (Musculoskeletal System Medications). Inflammation normal body response to tissue damage, body's attempt to remove damaging agent & repair damaged tissue (pain, edema, redness, heat, loss of function) Cyclooxygenase (COX) is the enzyme responsible for synthesis of prostanoids COX-1 good COX, present in all tissues, primarily mediates beneficial processes: protecting gastric mucosa, supporting renal function, promoting platelet aggregation Inhibition of COX-1 res...

NURS 372 Exam 6, With Complete Solution 2024/2025. HIV Disease characterized by impaired immunity Contracted by sexual contact, parenterally, and perinatally HIV s/s Few symptoms at first but can increase as the disease progresses. Flu-like symptoms, lymphadenopathy (enlarged lymph nodes), weakness, night sweats, fever, weight loss, rashes Opportunistic infections (thrush), malignancies, endocrine complications, cardiovascular complications AIDS dementia complex AIDS wasting syndrome ...

MASTERY EXAM 1. You are teaching the patient with chronic kidney disease about what symptoms to report to the doctor when outside of the hospital. Which statement, if made by the patient, indicates correct understanding? A. "I should call my doctor if my stomach starts feeling sick or my breath smells funny like pea" B. "Muscle weakness and abdominal cramps are a sign of worsening condition and I should report this to my doctor" C. "My doctor wants me to call him if feel a vibrating ...

NR 293 The nurse is caring for a client receiving amphotericin B. the nurse should monitor NR 293 The nurse is caring for a client receiving amphotericin B. the nurse should monitor for which three priority adverse effects? Select all that apply/ a. Cardiac dysrhythmias. b. Headache. c. GI upset. d. Renal toxicity. e. Parenthesis.Amphotericin B is a potent antifungal medication that can have several adverse effects. The three priority adverse effects that a nurse should monitor for in a client ...