Vicarious reinforcement - Study guides, Revision notes & Summaries

Aggression Any behaviour towards another individual that is carried out with a proximate (immediate) intent to cause harm Violence Aggression that has extreme harm as its goal (e.g., death) Social learning theory Theory of crime proposed by Ron Akers that suggests that people commit crime not only as a result of direct reinforcement for criminal behaviour through a process of operant conditioning but also through vicarious reinforcement by observing others being rewarded for the...

Albert Bandura (Social Learning Theory) - ANSWER •Vicarious vs. Enactive (learning by watching vs. learning by doing) •Four Elements of Observational Learning: 1. Attention 2. Retention 3. Production 4. Motivation & Reinforcement •Four Sources of Self-Efficacy Appraisals: 1. Actual Performance 2. Vicarious Performance 3. Verbal Persuasion 4. Physiological Cues Appetite - ANSWER A desire to eat

Social Cognitive Theory -Learning occurs as a result of social interaction. -rooted in behaviorism -adds cognitive processes - reasoning, motivation Social Cognitive View of Reinforcement and Punishment Expectations -Must expect punishment or reinforcement -Response-reinforcement contingency Vicarious Experiences - Vicarious reinforcement - Vicarious punishment How learning reinforcement and punishment contribute to learning: EXPECTATIONS: Social cognitive theorists propose that people's exp...

The process of searching for a balance between cognitive schemas and environmental information - Cognitive equilibrium Positive reinforcement - to add Negative reinforcement - to remove Cheryl generates a list of solutions for the recycling problem (not pre-decided) - example of creative thinking Brofenbrenners ecological systems model - Micro, Meso, Exo, Macro, Crono systems Immediate relationships and activities - Microsystem 2nd removed from individual--looks at relationship...

AQA PSYCHOLOGY PAPER 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE Who was Wundt? The 'father of psychology' What did Wundt do? Opened first lab in Leipzig, used introspection to study consciousness What is introspection? A method where subjects analyse their own thoughts and feelings in relation to a stimulus (studies sensation and perception) using a standardised procedure What are the limitations of introspection? Subjective, unfalsifiable How did Wu...

G. Stanley Hall correct answersAmerican psychologist who established the first psychology research laboratory in the United States and founded the American Psychological Association. He basically introduced psychology to the U.S. John B. Watson correct answersA behaviorist Ivan Pavlov correct answersA behaviorist known for his work on classical conditioning and his experiment involving dogs. Key concepts include: -Conditioned stimulus: bell -Unconditioned stimulus: food -Conditioned re...

Describe the three key elements of motivation the processes that account for an individual's intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal Motivation cannot be directly measured; it is usually inferred from other key elements -Intensity is concerned with how hard a person tries. -Direction is the orientation of effort toward goals that benefits the organization; it is where someone puts there effort. -Persistence is a measure of how long a person can maintain his/...

Early Childhood Education Theorists, DCF 40 Hours Child Care (HSAN) Health, Safety, and Nutrition (2019), DCF Certification Test - Rules and Regulations for Facilities. Questions and answers/ Albert Bandura (Social Learning Theory) - -•Vicarious vs. Enactive (learning by watching vs. learning by doing) •Four Elements of Observational Learning: 1. Attention 2. Retention 3. Production 4. Motivation & Reinforcement •Four Sources of Self-Efficacy Appraisals: 1. Actual Perfo...

NCE/LPC Exam Study Guide Exam Questions Marking Scheme Current Update Ego's need for immediate gratification. - Answer -Pleasure Principle The cause or ____________of abnormal behavior is difficult to determine in most cases. - Answer -Etiology An individual who is happy,autonomous, & creative has reached ______________. - Answer -Self-actualization This is necessary from parents for children to develop healthy concepts. (Rogers) - Answer -Unconditional Positive Regard Accomplish...

Early Childhood Education Theorists, DCF 40 Hours Child Care (HSAN) Health, Safety, and Nutrition (2019), DCF Certification Test - Rules and Regulations for Facilities questions and answers Albert Bandura (Social Learning Theory) - answer •Vicarious vs. Enactive (learning by watching vs. learning by doing) •Four Elements of Observational Learning: 1. Attention 2. Retention 3. Production 4. Motivation & Reinforcement •Four Sources of Self-Efficacy Appraisals: 1. Actual Performan...