TEST BANK FOR NREMT Practice EXAM| QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES |ALREADY GRADED A+ 2024

TEST BANK FOR NREMT Practice EXAM| QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES |ALREADY GRADED A+ 2024 A 3-year-old boy is found to be in cardiopulmonary arrest. As you begin one-rescuer CPR, your partner prepares the AED. The appropriate compression to ventilation ratio for this child is: • A:3:1 • B:30:2 • C:5:1 • D:15:2 Correct Answer: You selected B; This is correct! Reason:A universal compression to ventilation ratio of 30:2 is used for all one-rescuer CPR (adult, child, and infant), with the exception of the newborn. A compression to ventilation ratio of 3:1 is used for newborns (one- and two-rescuer). Two-rescuer infant and child CPR is performed at a compression to ventilation ratio of 15:2. In this scenario, you are performing one-rescuer CPR as your partner prepares the AED; therefore, you should give 30 compressions and 2 breaths. However, when you and your partner resume CPR, give 15 compressions and 2 breaths. A 3-year-old child has a sudden onset of respiratory distress. The mother denies any recent illnesses or fever. You should suspect: • A:lower respiratory infection. • B:foreign body airway obstruction. • C:croup. • D:epiglottitis. Correct Answer: You selected B; This is correct! Reason:You should suspect a foreign body airway obstruction in any child who presents with an acute onset of respiratory distress in the absence of fever. Croup, epiglottitis, and lower airway infections (ie, bronchiolitis, bronchitis) commonly present with a fever. If the child is experiencing a mild airway obstruction, in which he or she is moving adequate air, has a normal level of consciousness, and pink skin, do not attempt to relieve the airway obstruction; doing so may result in a severe airway obstruction. Offer oxygen and transport the child to the hospital without delay. If signs of a severe airway obstruction are present (ie, ineffective cough, decreased level of consciousness, cyanosis), you should perform abdominal thrusts until the object is expelled or the child becomes unresponsive. If the child becomes unresponsive, perform chest compressions. A 3-year-old female presents with respiratory distress. She is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. She has mild intercostal retractions and an oxygen saturation of 93%. The MOST effective way of delivering oxygen to her involves: • A:ventilations with a flow-restricted, oxygen-powered device. • B:gently restraining her and assisting her ventilations. • C:asking the mom to hold an oxygen mask near her face. • D:a nonrebreathing mask with the flow rate at 6 to 8 L/min. Correct Answer: You selected C; This is correct! Reason:Do not assume that a child will simply allow you to administer oxygen to him or her as you would to an adult. The child in this scenario, who is in respiratory distress and is mildly hypoxemic (SpO2 of 93%), should receive supplemental oxygen; however, it should be given in a nonthreatening manner. Agitating a sick or injured child causes an increase in oxygen consumption and demand, which may cause the child's condition to deteriorate. In this scenario, ask the child's mother to hold an oxygen mask near the child's face (blow-by oxygen). Closely monitor her condition and be prepared to assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device if she deteriorates. An oxygen flow rate of 6 to 8 L/min is too low for a nonrebreathing mask; a flow-rate of 12 to 15 L/min should be used. Do NOT use a flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device (FROPVD) on any child; doing so may cause severe gastric distention and lung injury. Allow the child to assume a position of comfort and transport. A 4-year-old boy ingested an unknown quantity of drain cleaner. He is alert, has a patent airway, and has adequate breathing. You should: • A:administer 1 g/kg of activated charcoal. • B:give 15 mL of ipecac and contact medical control. • C:contact poison control and give him oxygen. • D:give oxygen and perform a head-to-toe exam. Correct Answer: You selected C; This is correct! Reason:Once you determine that a poisoning has occurred, and have identified the poison, you should contact the poison control center at once: (800) 222-1222. Give the patient high-flow oxygen or assist his or her ventilations if necessary. Induction of vomiting with syrup of ipecac is no longer recommended because of the risk of aspiration. Activated charcoal is contraindicated in patients who have ingested a corrosive substance (eg, drain cleaner) or a petroleum product (eg, gasoline, motor oil). A head-to-toe exam is not practical in this situation, at least initially. Follow the directions given to you by the poison control center, transport the child without delay, and monitor his condition en route. A 4-year-old girl fell from a third-story window and landed on her head. She is semiconscious with slow, irregular breathing and is bleeding from her mouth and nose. You should: • A:suction her oropharynx, open her airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver, insert an oropharyngeal airway, and assist her ventilations. • B:open her airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver while manually stabilizing her head,