BIOC 385 exam 1 || Questions and 100% Accurate Answers.
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Course
BIOC 385
Institution
BIOC 385
The difference between an oxidation reaction and a reduction reaction is that oxidation is the _____ correct answers loss of electrons and reduction is the gain of electrons.
If the Gibbs free energy change value for a reaction is less than zero, this reaction is ______ correct answers exergonic...
BIOC 385 exam 1 || Questions and 100% Accurate Answers.
The difference between an oxidation reaction and a reduction reaction is that oxidation is the
_____ correct answers loss of electrons and reduction is the gain of electrons.
If the Gibbs free energy change value for a reaction is less than zero, this reaction is ______
correct answers exergonic
Flux is defined as the rate at which ___ is/are interconverted. correct answers Metabolites
Enzyme active sites... correct answers Are characterized as a pocket or cleft
Which answer correctly classifies the compound with its relationship to aspartate
transcarbamoylase? correct answers ATP; allosteric activator
The Biosphere 2 project, in Tucson, Arizona, was an experiment involving a large sealed
terrarium with humans and photosynthetic plants living in balance. Why did the project have to
be interrupted after only a few months? correct answers Levels of CO2 rose to dangerous levels.
In what location of the cell does the Calvin- Benson cycle occur? correct answers Chloroplast
stroma
Electrons from plastocyanin are passed on to_____________. correct answers Chlorophyll
p700+
What three functional units were included in the experiment demonstrating that Peter Mitchell's
proposal was correct in which a proton gradient is responsible for ATP synthesis? correct
answers artificial membrane; bacteriorhodopsin; ATP synthase
Under what conditions does cyclic photophosphorylation take place? correct answers With high
levels of NADPH
The Calvin- Benson cycle requires which metabolites generated from the light reactions? correct
answers ATP and NADPH
Which is a way that light controls the Calvin cycle activity? correct answers Reduced ferredoxin
from the light reactions keeps thioredoxin reduced, which maintains Calvin cycle enzymes in an
active form
Under what conditions do the wasteful side reaction of O2 with rubisco become significant?
correct answers Higher levels of soluble O2 than CO2
Raffinose-series oligosaccharides are hard for humans to digest because____. correct answers
humans do not have the enzyme necessary to hydrolyze the glycosidic bonds
,What is the advantage of the increased branching in glycogen compared with amylopectin and
amylose? correct answers It generates more nonreducing ends for efficient removal/addition of
glucose residues.
Answer both questions. (a) A person who expresses both the GTB enzyme and the GTA enzyme
will have which blood type? (b) A person who expresses neither the GTB enzyme or the GTA
enzyme will have which blood type? correct answers (a) AB, (b) O
Penicillin kills bacteria by inhibiting the biosynthesis of the cell wall. How does penicillin cause
the inhibition? correct answers The β-lactam ring of penicillin forms a covalent intermediate
with transpeptidase
The products of the oxidative portion of the pentose phosphate pathway are carbon dioxide and
______. correct answers 2 NADPH + 1 pentose phosphate
How do individuals with decreased levels of the pentose phosphate enzyme glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase respond to oxidative stress? correct answers They do not have the ability to
regenerate reduced glutathione as rapidly as individuals with normal levels of the enzyme.
In the gluconeogenic reaction catalyzed by pyruvate carboxylase, CO2 is ______. correct
answers activated by ATP energy.
Insulin activates the phosphofructokinase 2 (PFK-2) activity in the dual function enzyme PFK-
2/FBPas-2 by __________. This leads to a(n) ____ in concentration of fructose 2,6 bisphosphate,
which stimulates flux through the _____ pathway. correct answers dephosphorylation; increase;
glycolysis
Amino acids are the building blocks for which biomolecule(s)? correct answers proteins
2-phosphoglycerate(2PG) is converted to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) by the enzyme enolase.
The standard free energy change(deltaGo') for this reaction is +1.7 kJ/mol. If the cellular
concentrations are 2PG = 0.5 mM and PEP = 0.1 mM, what is the free energy change at 37 oC
for the reaction 2PG ↔ PEP? correct answers -2.4kJ/mol
If the Gibbs free energy change value for a reaction is less than zero, this reaction is correct
answers exergonic
Which of the following is the correct formula for glucose? correct answers C6H12O6
The O2 generated from photosynthesis is derived from correct answers Water molecules that
directly reduce PSII*
The example of water freezing into ice shows correct answers A decrease in entropy of the
system
, In a hydrogen bond between a water molecule and another water molecule, correct answers The
hydrogen bond typically forms between the oxygen atom of the water and the hydrogen on the
other water
Binding of glucose to hexokinase causes a conformational change in the enzyme. This is an
example of the __________ model of enzyme catalysis. correct answers induced-fit
An example of experimental biochemistry is trying an experiment and correct answers
Optimizing experimental design
If the equilibrium constant (Keq) is greater than 1, which direction will the reaction proceed?
correct answers Spontaneously to products
What chemical process is able to take place in the presence of solar energy? correct answers
Photosynthesis
In the five steps used by photosynthetic organisms to convert solar energy into chemical energy,
which molecules store the solar energy before sugar synthesis? correct answers ATP and
NADPH
Select the TWO true statements from the list below regarding the structure and function of
enzymes. correct answers Enzyme cofactors can increase the chemical functionality of enzymes,
which are otherwise limited by the R groups of amino acids.
Enzymes increase the rates of biochemical reactions without changing the equilibrium constant.
What is the maximum number of covalent bonds a carbon atom can make? correct answers 4
R is the highly active form of an allosteric enzyme and T is the less active form of enzyme. What
would happen to [T]/[R] if substrate concentration is decreased? correct answers increase
Which of the following best defines the first law of thermodynamics? correct answers Total
amount of energy in the universe is a constant
The amino acid sequence of a protein determines its structure. Which of the following statements
is true? correct answers Two proteins with similar amino acid sequence should have similar
structures
Which two functional groups are involved in producing a peptide bond? correct answers Amino
and carboxyl
What is the overall balanced reaction for the light reactions of photosynthesis? correct answers 2
H2O + 8 photons + 2 NADP+ + 3 ADP + 3 Pi O2 + 2 NADPH + 3 ATP
Which THREE of the following statements about autotrophs and heterotrophs of Earth are
TRUE? correct answers 1. Heterotrophs depend on autotrophs for conversion of light energy to
chemical energy.
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