Nur 176 finale exam medications
Glucagon - ANS: Antihypoglycemic
increases in blood glucose (can treat low blood sugar)
Rivastigmine (Excelon) - ANS: mild to moderate alzheimer disease
SE: n/v,diarrhea, abdominal pain, anorexia
Aspart (Novolog) - ANS: rapid acting insulin
highest risk for hypoglycemia
onset 10-30 min
peak 30min-3 hours
duration 3hours-5 hours
Glargine (Lantus) - ANS: long acting insulin
give once a day at bedtime
"peakless"
24 hour duration
must NOT be mixed with other insulin
High risk for hyperglycemia
NPH (Humulin N/Novolin N) - ANS: Intermediate acting insulin
given every morning
Cloudy insulin
onset 2-4 hours
,peak 4-12 hours
duration 12-16 hours
*NEVER give IV*
Detemir (Levemir) - ANS: long acting insulin
give once a day at bedtime
"peakless"
24 hour duration
must NOT be mixed with other insulin
High risk for hyperglycemia
Lispro (Humalog) - ANS: rapid acting insulin
highest risk for hypoglycemia
onset 10-30 min
peak 30min-3 hours
duration 3hours-5 hours
Regular insulin - ANS: Humulin R, Novolin R (Short acting)
Clear insulin
Only IV
Metformin (Glucophage) - ANS: *biguanide anti-diabetic
*type 2 oral hypoglycemic
*lowers blood glucose levels
*works on the liver and GI tract- decreases GI absorption of glucose, and decreases glucose production
in liver
, *increases body sensitivity to insulin produced
Adverse side effects of Metformin - ANS: *lactic acidosis
*thrombocytopenia
what are nursing implications for Metformin? - ANS: *confirm blood glucose
*confirm prescribed diet is being consumed as plan
*monitor renal function, folic acid, B12
*may produce metallic taste
*remember to hold metformin for 48 hours after test with dye->lactic acidosis
Glipizide(Glucotrol) - ANS: *sulfonylurea antidiabetic
*causes functioning B cells in pancreas to release insulin: lowers blood sugar
*monitor CBC, LFT, BUN + creatine
what are adverse side effects of Glipizide? - ANS: *aplastic anemia
*may cause hypoglycemia
*hepatoxicity
Empagliflozin (jardiance) - ANS: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor (SGLT2)
Antidiabetic
decreases risk of death from heart attack, stroke, heart failure with type 2 diabetes
what do we need to monitor and report when a patient is taking Glipizide(Glucotrol)? - ANS: report
weakness, jaundice, dark urine, edema
Glucagon - ANS: Antihypoglycemic
increases in blood glucose (can treat low blood sugar)
Rivastigmine (Excelon) - ANS: mild to moderate alzheimer disease
SE: n/v,diarrhea, abdominal pain, anorexia
Aspart (Novolog) - ANS: rapid acting insulin
highest risk for hypoglycemia
onset 10-30 min
peak 30min-3 hours
duration 3hours-5 hours
Glargine (Lantus) - ANS: long acting insulin
give once a day at bedtime
"peakless"
24 hour duration
must NOT be mixed with other insulin
High risk for hyperglycemia
NPH (Humulin N/Novolin N) - ANS: Intermediate acting insulin
given every morning
Cloudy insulin
onset 2-4 hours
,peak 4-12 hours
duration 12-16 hours
*NEVER give IV*
Detemir (Levemir) - ANS: long acting insulin
give once a day at bedtime
"peakless"
24 hour duration
must NOT be mixed with other insulin
High risk for hyperglycemia
Lispro (Humalog) - ANS: rapid acting insulin
highest risk for hypoglycemia
onset 10-30 min
peak 30min-3 hours
duration 3hours-5 hours
Regular insulin - ANS: Humulin R, Novolin R (Short acting)
Clear insulin
Only IV
Metformin (Glucophage) - ANS: *biguanide anti-diabetic
*type 2 oral hypoglycemic
*lowers blood glucose levels
*works on the liver and GI tract- decreases GI absorption of glucose, and decreases glucose production
in liver
, *increases body sensitivity to insulin produced
Adverse side effects of Metformin - ANS: *lactic acidosis
*thrombocytopenia
what are nursing implications for Metformin? - ANS: *confirm blood glucose
*confirm prescribed diet is being consumed as plan
*monitor renal function, folic acid, B12
*may produce metallic taste
*remember to hold metformin for 48 hours after test with dye->lactic acidosis
Glipizide(Glucotrol) - ANS: *sulfonylurea antidiabetic
*causes functioning B cells in pancreas to release insulin: lowers blood sugar
*monitor CBC, LFT, BUN + creatine
what are adverse side effects of Glipizide? - ANS: *aplastic anemia
*may cause hypoglycemia
*hepatoxicity
Empagliflozin (jardiance) - ANS: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor (SGLT2)
Antidiabetic
decreases risk of death from heart attack, stroke, heart failure with type 2 diabetes
what do we need to monitor and report when a patient is taking Glipizide(Glucotrol)? - ANS: report
weakness, jaundice, dark urine, edema
