Foregut - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Assessment of Abdominal Cramps correct answers 1.) Obtain history 2.) Pattern 3.) Inspect / Assess 4.) Auscultate 5.) Percuss 6.) Palpate 7.) Fever? 8.) Lab values 9.) Radiography 10.) Menstrual Cycle 11.) Urinary Changes 12.) Changes in Diet Questions to Ask if the Patient has Abdominal Complaints correct answers 1.) Nausea? Vomiting? Diarrhea? Constipation? 2.) Rebound Tenderness? 3.) Where does it hurt? (Think Anatomy) a.) Appendicitis b.) Small Bowel Obstruction (SBO) c...

Foregut (Ans- Pharynx to duodenum Midgut (Ans- Duodenum to proximal 2/3 of transverse colon Hindgut (Ans- Distal 1/3 of transverse colon to anal canal above pectinate line Abnormal Rostral Fold Closure (Ans- Developmental defect of anterior abdominal wall that leads to STERNAL DEFECTS Abnormal Lateral Fold Closure (Ans- Developmental defect of anterior abdominal wall that leads to OMPHALOCELE, GASTROSCHISIS Abnormal Caudal Fold Closure (Ans- Developmental defect of ant...

Gut tube epithelium & glands derive from Correct Answer-Endoderm Liver, pancreas, trachea derive from Correct Answer-Endoderm Parietal mesoderm Correct Answer-A subtype of the lateral mesoderm Gives rise to serous membrane that lines abdominal, thoracic cavity (parietal pleural, peritoneal, pericardial membrane), soft tissues of arms, legs Visceral mesoderm Correct Answer-A subtype of the lateral mesoderm Gives rise to serous membrane that lines various organs (visceral pleural, perit...

T/F: Fat soluble vitamins have greater storage capacity. Correct Answer-True T/F: Vitamins function as coenzymes and antioxidants. Correct Answer-True T/F: Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat soluble vitamins. Correct Answer-True T/F: Microbes can synthesize all of the fat soluble vitamins for livestock. Correct Answer-False Of the fat soluble vitamins, which is the most toxic? Correct Answer-D T/F: Due to their essential role in the development of hormones in the body, many vitamin d...

What are the General Functions of the GI Tract?1. Motility with propulsive (peristalsis) and mixing (churning) movements 2. Secretion of digestive juices 3. Digestion of nutrients 4. Absorption of nutrients GI embryonic disorder characterized by abnormal connection of trachea and esophagus.Tracheoesophageal fistula What is esophageal atresia?Foregut developmental disorder where Esophagus is closed off in a blind pouch. - Requires immediate Dx and surgical correction. - Occurs in a...

layers/tissues of the heart wall ~ Superficial to deep 1) epicardium (visceral pleura) 2) myocardium 3) endocardium 4) fibrous skeleton histology of endocardium ~ simple squamous epithelium During embryological development, what is the foregut, midgut, and hindgut supplied by ~ the celiac trunk, the superior mesenteric artery, and the inferior mesenteric artery layers of the muscularis layer ~ - smooth muscle - inner circular layer that contracts proximally - outer longitudin...

Where and why are lumbar punctures performed? - Answer- Spinal Block -> Anesthetic (into epidural space) Spinal Tap -> CSF extraction (into subarachnoid space)W B/W L3/L4 or L4/L5 NB: Posterior to this is *cauda equina* Where does a *herniated intervertebral* disk occur? What causes it? - Answer- Occurs b/w L4/L5 or *L5/S1* and C5/C6 or C6/C7 NB: affects lower spinal nerve # Degeneration of annulus fibrosis followed by *sudden compression* of nucleus pulposus What is the dif...

unconjugated bilirubin is bound to albumin in bloodstream and gets taken up in the liver and conjugated via Correct Answer-UDP glucuronosyl transferase foregut Correct Answer-esophagus to upper duodenum lower duodenum to proximal 2/3 Correct Answer-midgut distal 1/3 to pectinate line Correct Answer-hindgut week 6 and week 10 events Correct Answer-week 6 herniation through umbilical ring week 10: rotate around SMA counterclockwise congenital umbilical hernia is the incomplete cl...

GI embryology: foregut - Answer-pharynx to duodenum GI embryology: midgut - Answer-duodenum to proximal 2/3 of transverse colon GI embryology: hindgut - Answer-distal 1/3 of transverse colon to anal canal above pectinate line GI embryology: gastroschisis - Answer-extrusion of abdominal contents through abdominal folds, not covered by peritoneum GI embryology: omphalocele - Answer-persistence of herniation of umbilical contents into umbilical cord sealed by peritoneum GI embr...

Average % digestibility of cell contents of ruminants on all forage diets? - ANSWER-98% for animals on all forage diets. The 2 main factors that affect degradability of the cell wall constituents? - ANSWER--Crystallinity of Cellulose (more mature=more lignin) -Lignification of the cell wall (cementing agent) Why are herbivores well suited to forage diets? - ANSWER-the volume of digestive tract devoted to microbial degredation (2/3) 3b. Horses (other equids) are known as what kind of fiber...