Nr566 stuvia 2024 - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

β-lactam antibiotic MOA - ANSWER All antibiotics in class share the same mechanism of action: disruption of the bacterial cell wall. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis Empiric Therapy - ANSWER start treatment without cultures or prior to receiving the results of a culture immediate empiric antibiotics - ANSWER Critically ill patients receive (Fill in the Answer) after the first set of cultures obtained; do not wait for results. Bactericidal antibiotics - ANSWER Directly kill bact...

Anti-Androgens - ANSWER Finasteride (Propecia) Leuprolide (Eligard, Lupron, Lupron Depot) Spironolactone (Aldactone) Finasteride (Propecia, Proscar) - ANSWER blocks conversion of testosterone to dihydrotesterone Used to tx: -BPH -male pattern baldness 3 months of therapy need to see benefits Stopping, reverses effect w/in 12 months Adverse side effects: - Decreased libido -Impotence dutasteride (Avodart) - ANSWER 5-alpha reductase inhibitor used to tx: BPH Can s...

Regarding osteoporosis, what are the two SERM drugs? - ANSWER -Tamoxifen -Raloxifene Tamoxifen is a good drug because it protects against osteoporosis, but what is it's downside? - ANSWER -Higher risk for cancer -Higher risk for blood clots What is the the awesome benefit of Tamoxifen other than bone health? - ANSWER -Promotes good blood lipid levels What are the 3 main benefits of hormone therapy? - ANSWER -suppression of vasomotor symptoms -prevention of urogenital atrophy -p...

Anti-Androgens - ANSWER Finasteride (Propecia) Leuprolide (Eligard, Lupron, Lupron Depot) Spironolactone (Aldactone) Finasteride (Propecia, Proscar) - ANSWER blocks conversion of testosterone to dihydrotesterone Used to tx: -BPH -male pattern baldness 3 months of therapy need to see benefits Stopping, reverses effect w/in 12 months Adverse side effects: - Decreased libido -Impotence dutasteride (Avodart) - ANSWER 5-alpha reductase inhibitor used to tx: BPH Can s...

Chlamydia treatment first line drug, dose, route and frequency - ANSWER Doxycycline 100 mg PO BID x 7 days or Azithromycin 1000 mg po once Uncomplicated gonorrhea urethritis treatment - ANSWER ceftriaxone 500 mg IM single dose with or without doxycycline 100 mg 2x days for days Bacterial Vagionosis 1st line Treatment - ANSWER Non pregnant metronidazole 500 mg 2xdays for 7 days pregnant - vaginal metronidazole 2% for 7 days clindamycin 1% for 7 days HSV (herpes simplex virus) 12s...

First line drug, dose, route, frequency: Chlamydia (Among Adolescents and Adults) - ANSWER Doxycycline 100 mg PO BID x 7 days ALTERNATIVE: Azithromycin 1000 mg po once Or Levofloxacin 500mg PO daily for 7 days First line drug, dose, route, frequency: Uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis - ANSWER ceftriaxone 500 mg IM single dose First line drug, dose, route, frequency: Bacterial Vaginosis - ANSWER metronidazole 500 mg BID for 7 days OR Metronidazole gel 0.75%one full applicator (...

Chlamydia - ANSWER Doxycycline 100mg PO BID x7 days Chlamydia - ANSWER Doxycycline 100mg PO BID x7 days Uncomplicated gonoccal urethritis - ANSWER Ceftriaxone, 500 mg IM once (if chlamydia infection is excluded) Ceftriaxone, 500mg IM once + Doxycycline 100mg PO 2 times a day x 7 days (if chlamydia infection has not been excluded) Uncomplicated gonoccal urethritis - ANSWER Ceftriaxone, 500 mg IM once (if chlamydia infection is excluded) Ceftriaxone, 500mg IM once + Doxycycline 100m...

For treatment of existing osteoporosis, the dose of alendronate - ANSWER 10 mg/day or 70 mg/week Initial dosage for bone less prevention alendronate and risedronate - ANSWER 5 mg/day or 35 mg/week Testosterone replacement therapy - ANSWER Erythrocytosis is a risk; Hgb and Hct levels checked, expect increase first 6 mths, unless Hgb level higher than 17.5 g/dL, Hct higher than 54%, or both suggests overtreatment or occasionally abuse. IM happens more than transdermal. If the Hct is great...

Seizure medications work through 5 mechanisms including: - ANSWER Stop sodium influx Stop Calcium influx Promote potassium efflux Antagonize glutamate Potentiate Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Common adverse effects if Phenytoin (Dilantin) level >20mcg/mL include: - ANSWER Nystagmus Sedation Ataxia (staggering gait) Diplopia (double vision) Cognitive impairment

Indication for Azithromycin - ANSWER antibiotic for bacterial infections Use for Azithromycin - ANSWER Macrolide Antibiotic used for uncomplicated urethral, cervical, or rectal infections in adults or adolescents such as: Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Urethritis, Canchroid Uses for Erythromycin - ANSWER bacterial infections such as chlamydial infections