PYC4807 Psychological Assessment (2022 - Semester 1 - Assignment 2 - 2nd Attempt)

PYC4807 - Psychological Assessment 2022 – Semester 1 – Assignment 2 - 2nd Attempt Question 1: A cognitive test is being translated from English to Afrikaans. The forward-translation design is followed, and a group of bilingual experts will compare the source and the target versions of the measure. Thereafter the source version of the test will be administered to source-language monolinguals and the target version to target-language monolinguals to determine the equivalence of these versions. Which of the following is an advantage of administering the questionnaire to source- and target-language monolinguals? 1. the results are generalisable to the respective populations 2. source- and target-language monolinguals must be matched 3. two different samples of test takers are compared 4. scores may be confounded by real differences in the ability of the groups Question 2: Foxcroft (2004) provides guidelines for the development of a multicultural test (please see study note 3 under additional resources on myUnisa). She distinguishes between three approaches, namely theory-based/rational, empirical (criterion-keying), and criterion-referenced methods. A study was done to determine the effects of substance abuse on the well-being of users of various addictive substances. Before starting the research, a measure of well-being was developed for a large sample representative of the general population. Existing data on levels of happiness that were available for this sample were used. Items for the well-being scale were selected based on the ability of the items to discriminate between individuals with different levels of happiness. The content domain of the measure of well-being was thus defined by means of ... 1. a theoretical review 2. contrasting group 3. a job analysis 4. an analysis of learning outcomes Question 3: Foxcroft (2004) provides guidelines for the development of a multicultural test (please see study note 3 under additional resources on myUnisa). She distinguishes between three approaches, namely theory-based/rational, empirical (criterion-keying), and criterion-referenced methods. In the case of criterion-referenced tests the content domain could be specified in terms of... (a) a theoretical review (b) contrasting groups (c) an analysis of learning outcomes (d) a job analysis 1. (a) (c) 2. (a) (b) 3. (b) (c) 4. (c) (d) Question 4: Advantages of a measure of intelligence based on the psychometric approach would be that ... (a) it measures individual differences in inferred traits such as intelligence (b) it assesses developing skills required by one’s particular environment (c) it minimises the influence of differences in formal education (d) a combination of power and timed tests is appropriate in the local context (e) performance on these tests tends to correlate well with academic performance (f) it provides a comprehensive profile of abilities 1. (b) (d) (e) 2. (c) (d) (f) 3. (a) (c) (d) 4. (a) (e) (f) Question 5: The purpose, norm group and psychometric properties of the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF) – Fifth Edition. Based on the information in the table above, the sample for the initial standardisation is NOT representative of the broader South African population in terms of ... (a) age (b) gender (c) education (d) culture (e) language 1. (a) (c) (e) 2. (c) (d) (e) 3. (b) (d) (e) 4. (a) (b) (c) Question 6: Scores on the 16 primary factors of the 16PF are used in different combinations to calculate a score on each of the five second-order factors. Which of the following primary factors contribute to the second-order factor, Anxiety? (a) Dominance (factor E) (b) Emotional Stability (factor C) (c) Social Boldness (factor H) (d) Tension (factor Q4) (e) Perfectionism (factor Q3) (f) Apprehension (factor O) (g) Vigilance (factor L) 1. (b) (c) (d) (g) 2. (b) (d) (f) (g) 3. (d) (e) (f) (g) 4. (a) (b) (d) (f) Question 7: Which of the following statements regarding structured methods of personality assessment and projective assessment techniques is incorrect? 1. Structured methods are standardised questionnaires and projective assessment techniques are characterised by ambiguous stimuli. 2. Structured methods lead to acquiescence whereas projective assessment techniques do not. 3. Structured methods are characterized by fixed scoring rules and projective assessment techniques are scored intuitively. 4. Projective assessment techniques make it easy for people to provide socially desirable responses whereas structured methods do not. Question 8: The purpose, norm group and psychometric properties of the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF) – Fifth Edition. Based on the information in the table above, which one of the following statements regarding the validity of the 16PF5 is correct? 1. The predictive value of the 16PF5 in a work context is supported. 2. Correlations with other tests indicate that the 16PF5 is a duplication. 3. Favourable comparisons with similar measures indicate construct validity. 4. Theory-related group comparisons support the validity of the 16PF5. Question 9: The purpose, norm group and psychometric properties of the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF) – Fifth Edition. Indicate whether you agree or disagree with the following statement: The 16PF5 as a measure of normal personality traits should never be used in clinical settings. Choose the most correct response. 1. True, only a test developed for diagnosing pathology should be used in clinical settings. 2. False, normal people also have psychological problems. 3. False, in combination with clinical information a personality profile could aid the therapy. 4. True, testing is not as effective as observation in a clinical setting. Question 10: Which of the following is NOT one of the general purposes of interest inventories in career counselling? 1. to help an individual to know the world of work 2. to confirm the client’s stated interests 3. to identify interests that the client was not aware of 4. to identify discrepancies between the client’s abilities and interests Question 11: Imagine that your task is to write a paragraph in which you critically discuss the use of psychological tests to assess the abilities of young children. You can use the following sentences to compile your paragraph: (a) Test performance can be influenced by several factors relating to the child, test administration and the socio-cultural context. (b) The identification of children with difficulties should take place as soon as possible. (c) Assessment is a dynamic enterprise that calls on information from multiple resources. (d) Psychological test scores are useful when interpreted in the light of other sources of information, taking the child’s context into account. (e) Developmental measures can be categorised as either screening or diagnostic measures. (f) Tests are not valid for children from disadvantaged environments. (g) Objective psychological assessment information provides valuable insight into a child’s development. (h ) Important information can be obtained from a variety of other sources such as parents and teachers or caregivers. (i) Not using tests introduces bias into the assessment process. Choose the sentence that best supports the use of psychological tests as part of the assessment process. 1. (i) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (g) Question 12: The first step in selection in an organisational context involves the development of a competency profile. Related to each of the competencies included in this profile, is an area (or areas) of measurement. We call these the measurement constructs. Tests to measure each of these constructs are combined in the test battery. Below is an example of a competency matrix consisting of competencies and related measurement constructs. Below are four competency - measurement construct sets. Choose the correct match. 1. project management skills – aptitude 2. client orientation – integrity 3. analytical and strategic thinking – aptitude 4. interpersonal and networking – integrity Question 13: According to the person-environment fit approach, a test battery for career counselling would typically consist of a measure of general intelligence, an aptitude test, an interest questionnaire and measures of personality and values. Which of the following would be appropriate tests to measure these constructs? (a) Basic Traits Inventory (BTI) (b) Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I) (c) General Scholastic Aptitude Test (GSAT) (d) Rorschach Inkblot Test (Rorschach) (e) Beck Depression Inventory 1. (c) (e) 2. (b) (d) 3. (a) (b) 4. (a) (c) Question 14: According to the person-environment fit approach, a test battery for career counselling would typically consist of a measure of general intelligence, an aptitude test, an interest questionnaire and measures of personality and values. The following results on the Learning Potential Computerised Adaptive Test (LPCAT) and the Differential Aptitude Test (DAT) are available for an individual interested in a career in administration. *These LPCAT scores are suitable for a tertiary diploma and an NQF level 6. ** The DAT scores are stanines with an average of 5 and a maximum of 9. Suppose the candidate is a 19-year-old Xhosa-speaking student who attended school in a rural area. The Learning Potential Computerised Adaptive Test (LPCAT) is more suitable in this context than a test of intelligence based on the psychometric approach because ... (a) the test is non-verbal (b) learning potential tests are better predictors of academic performance (c) tests based on the psychometric approach are only available in English (d) the test provides for differences in education 1. (c) (d) 2. (b) (c) 3. (a) (b) 4. (a) (d) Question 15: According to the person-environment fit approach, a test battery for career counselling would typically consist of a measure of general intelligence, an aptitude test, an interest questionnaire and measures of personality and values. The following results on the Learning Potential Computerised Adaptive Test (LPCAT) and the Differential Aptitude Test (DAT) are available for an individual interested in a career in administration. *These LPCAT scores are suitable for a tertiary diploma and an NQF level 6. ** The DAT scores are stanines with an average of 5 and a maximum of 9. The DAT scores in the table above indicate that the individual is suitable for a career in administration because ... (a) a good verbal aptitude would be an advantage (b) numerical aptitude is essential (c) clerical aptitude should be strong (d) a strong memory would be an advantage 1. (b) (c) 2. (a) (c) 3. (c) (d) 4. (a) (b)