PTCB Immunization Certificate, questions and answers 100% correct

PTCB Immunization Certificate, questions and answers 100% correct storage and handling plans include: 1. ordering and accepting vaccine deliveries 2. storing and handling vaccines 3. managing inventory 4. managing potentially compromised vaccines 5. backup plans for power outages. equipment malfunctions and disasters 6. packing materials CDC SOP recommendations 1. staff training and continuing education 2. routine storage and handling 3. emergency vaccine storage, handling and transport SOP Standard Operating Procedures VIS Vaccine Information Sheet vaccines 1. a product that stimulates a person's immune system to produce immunity 2. administered through needle injections by mouth or nose 3. can be live or inactivated vaccine storage and handling errors result in: 1. reduced potency and effectiveness 2. financial cost due to wasted vaccines 3. loss of patient confidence in vaccines ACIP Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued guidance training requirements to vaccinate 1. must complete a practical training program that is approved by the ACPE; the program must include hands on injection technique and treatment of emergency reactions 2. must have current certificate in CPR 3. must complete 2 hours of ACPE approved immunization related CEs during the relevant state licensing period 4. If 18 years old or younger, must inform patient and/or caregiver to follow u[p with PCP issued guidance requirements to vaccinate 1. must be ordered by supervising qualified RPh 2. supervising qualified RPh must be readily available to qualified tech 3. must be FDA authorized or licensed 4. must be administered according to ACIP's COVID-19 recommendations OR standard immunization schedule "qualified" pharmacy tech pharmacy tech working in states with licensure and/or registration must be licensed and/or registered in accordance with state requirements; pharmacy techs working in states without licensure and/or registration must have a CPhT certification from either PTCB or NHA vaccines allowed under issued guidance FDA licensed COVID-19 vaccines to individuals 3 years of age and older as well as ACIP recommended vaccinations to children 3 to 18 years old legal federal requirements historically determined at state level; due to the pandemic Dept of Health & Human Services issued guidance allowing techs to act as immunizers legal state requirements every state is different! *Idaho, Rhode Island, Michigan, Utah , Nevada and Washington State allowed techs to give immunizations prior to the pandemic common preventable illnesses 1. Tetanus, Diphtheria & Pertussis 2. Rotavirus 3. Polio (PV) 4. Influenza 5. Measles, Mumps & Rubella 6. Chicken Pox (Varicella) 7. Hepatitis B 8. Pnuemonia 9. Shingles tracking immunizations resource CDC immunization schedule required emergency supplies 1. EpiPen/epinephrine (for anaphylaxis/allergic reactions) 2. Blood Pressure Monitor 3. Reference Materials (i.e. Medical Management of Vaccine Reactions) pharmacy's role in providing vaccines 1. accessibility 2. ease of access 3. lack of barriers VAERS Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System refrigerated vaccines 1. DTap 2. Hep A 3. Hep B 4. HPV 5. Influenza 6. MMR 7. PCV 13 8. PPSV 23 9. Polio (IPV) 10. Rotavirus (RV) 11. Shingrix frozen vaccines 1. Varicella 2. Zostavax expiration date 1. established by the drug manufacturer 2. month/year format indicates med will expire on the last day of that month 3. month/day/year format indicates med will expire at EOD of that day beyond use date based upon when vial is first opened; if none, use expiration date TMD temperature monitoring devices refrigerator temperature range 36 degrees to 46 degrees Fahrenheit (2 degrees to 8 degrees Celsius) freezer temperature range -58 degrees to 5 degrees Fahrenheit (-50 degrees to -15 degrees Celsius) how long must temperature logs be kept? minimum of 3 years how often must be temperatures be recorded? twice daily (once in the morning and once at EOD) equipment maintenance includes: 1. protecting the power supply 2. maintaining the storage equipment 3. addressing alarm alerts 4. adjusting storage unit temperature importance of vaccine administration technique 1. reduces the chance of harming the patient 2. increases the likelihood of immunity from vaccine 3. creates a more positive experience for patient 4. increases efficiency and comfort level as an immunizer vaccine preparation 1. wash hands and sanitize work environment 2. gather necessary supplies (i.e. vaccine, needle, syringe and alcohol pad) 3. verify vaccine order and vaccine match 4. prepare vaccine single/multidose vial vaccine prep 1. remove cap 2. shake vaccine 3. sterilize rubber stopper with alcohol pad and allow to dry 4. place vaccine on flat surface and insert needle into rubber stopper 5. invert the vial and with the tip of the needle in the vaccine, draw up the dose 6. remove needles and with needle facing upward, tap air bubbles to the top and push out any air with the syringe plunger 7. recap needle pre-filled syringe vaccine prep 1. shake the pre-filled syringe 2. remove cap or stopper from the syringe 3. attach the appropriate needle 4. with needle tip facing upwards, push air out of the syringe with the plunger reconstituted vaccine prep 1. verify the diluent matches the vaccine 2. remove the caps from both vials, sterilize both rubber stoppers with separate alcohol pads and allow them to dry 3. place diluent on flat surface, insert needle into vial and draw up diluent into the syringe 4. remove the needle, then inject the diluent into other vial containing the vaccine 5. with the needle still in the second vial, shake the vial and syringe together until dissolved 6. draw up contents of second vial into the syringe, remove air and cap needle IM intramuscularly intramuscular angle of injection 90 degrees SC subcutaneously subcutaneous angle of injection 45 degrees subcutaneous vaccine injection site administer in the back of the triceps is located intramuscular vaccine injection site administer in the deltoid *aim for above the level of armpit but 2-3 fingerbreadths, or a couple inches below appropriate needle for subcutaneous injections 5/8 inch appropriate needle for intramuscular injections 1 inch localized adverse events soreness, redness, itching, swelling at the site of the injection, slight bleeding and/or continuous bleeding systemic adverse reactions fever, chills, achiness and/or headadches anaphylaxis symptoms typically occur within 15 minutes; common for pulse to be weak and rapid syncope can occur before and after the injection; common for pulse to be steady types of vaccine-related errors 1. expired vaccines 2. wrong route of administration 3. wrong dosage 4. wrong timing expired inactivated vaccine repeat injection with viable vaccine (same day/same time) expired live virus vaccine must wait at least 28 days before repeating injection vaccines administered by the wrong route ACIP recommends vaccines given by the wrong route be counted as VALID except the Hepatitis B vaccine and Rabies vaccines vaccine timing 4 day grace period vaccine attitudes 1. unquestioning acceptor 2. cautious acceptor 3. vaccine hesitant 4. late or selective vaccinator 5. vaccine refuser VICP Vaccine Injury Compensation Program C.A.S.E. corroborate - acknowledge the concern about me - why should they trust you? science - provide accurate truthful documented facts explain - advise based on the science