ETHOLOGIE
VAN DE HUISDIEREN
1e bachelor diergeneeskunde
Pauline Bruyns
,Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1: inleiding.................................................................................................................................... 5
Kadering...............................................................................................................................................................5
Gedrag..................................................................................................................................................................5
Toegepaste ethologie...........................................................................................................................................6
Observatie............................................................................................................................................................6
Hoofdstuk 2: evolutie domesticatie................................................................................................................ 7
Nature vs nurture.................................................................................................................................................7
Genetische invloed vs omgevingsinvloed.............................................................................................................7
Gedrag..................................................................................................................................................................7
Selectie.................................................................................................................................................................7
Evolutie.................................................................................................................................................................8
Modificatie en ritualisatie....................................................................................................................................8
Oversprong gedrag..............................................................................................................................................8
Functie gedrag......................................................................................................................................................8
Domesticatie........................................................................................................................................................9
Hoofdstuk 3: gedrag en fysiologie................................................................................................................ 10
Zenuwstelsel.......................................................................................................................................................10
Centrale regulatie gedrag..................................................................................................................................10
Hypothalamus....................................................................................................................................................10
Limbisch systeem................................................................................................................................................11
Beslissingen........................................................................................................................................................11
Intern proces......................................................................................................................................................12
Biologische klok..................................................................................................................................................12
Feromonen.........................................................................................................................................................12
Slaap...................................................................................................................................................................13
Voedselopname..................................................................................................................................................14
Reproductief gedrag...........................................................................................................................................14
Maternaal gedrag..............................................................................................................................................14
Stress..................................................................................................................................................................15
Hoofdstuk 4: motivatie en organisatie.......................................................................................................... 16
Motivatie............................................................................................................................................................16
Motivationele status..........................................................................................................................................16
Stimuli.................................................................................................................................................................16
Negatief terugkoppelingssysteem.....................................................................................................................16
Appetitief en consummatorisch gedrag.............................................................................................................17
1
, Contra free loading............................................................................................................................................17
Hoofdstuk 5: leren en cognitie..................................................................................................................... 18
Leerprocessen.....................................................................................................................................................18
Inprenten............................................................................................................................................................18
Socialisatie..........................................................................................................................................................18
Niet-associatief leren.........................................................................................................................................19
Associatief leren.................................................................................................................................................19
Leren vs training.................................................................................................................................................22
Hoofdstuk 6: communicatie, sociaal en reproductief gedrag.........................................................................23
Sociaal gedrag....................................................................................................................................................23
Communicatie....................................................................................................................................................23
Hoofdstuk 7: play......................................................................................................................................... 26
Interacties tussen individuen..............................................................................................................................26
Context...............................................................................................................................................................26
Mechanismen.....................................................................................................................................................26
Welzijn................................................................................................................................................................27
Hoofdstuk 9: abnormaal gedrag................................................................................................................... 28
Stress en welzijn.................................................................................................................................................28
Conflicten...........................................................................................................................................................28
Gevolgen............................................................................................................................................................29
Vrij conflict.........................................................................................................................................................29
Onvrije conflicten...............................................................................................................................................29
Coping styles......................................................................................................................................................30
Fysiologische stressindicatoren..........................................................................................................................31
Hoofdstuk 10: het paard.............................................................................................................................. 32
Evolutie, adaptatie en domesticatie...................................................................................................................32
Sensorische systemen.........................................................................................................................................32
Sociaal gedrag....................................................................................................................................................33
Levensloop..........................................................................................................................................................33
Onderhoudsgedrag............................................................................................................................................34
Voeding..............................................................................................................................................................34
Beweging............................................................................................................................................................35
Huisvesting & management...............................................................................................................................35
Hoofdstuk 11: het rund................................................................................................................................ 37
Evolutie en domesticatie....................................................................................................................................37
Sociale organisatie.............................................................................................................................................37
2
, Zintuigen.............................................................................................................................................................37
Sociaal gedrag....................................................................................................................................................38
Voorplantingsgedrag.........................................................................................................................................39
Onderhoudsgedrag............................................................................................................................................40
Cognitie..............................................................................................................................................................40
Houderijsystemen...............................................................................................................................................41
Hoofdstuk 12: het varken............................................................................................................................. 42
Evolutie en domesticatie....................................................................................................................................42
Selectie...............................................................................................................................................................42
Zintuigen.............................................................................................................................................................42
Sociaal gedrag....................................................................................................................................................43
Agonistisch gedrag.............................................................................................................................................43
Voortplanting.....................................................................................................................................................44
Onderhoudsgedrag............................................................................................................................................44
Cognitie..............................................................................................................................................................45
Abnormaal gedrag.............................................................................................................................................45
Hoofdstuk 13: pluimvee............................................................................................................................... 46
Evolutie en domesticatie....................................................................................................................................46
Zintuigen.............................................................................................................................................................46
Cognitie..............................................................................................................................................................47
Sociaal gedrag....................................................................................................................................................47
Voortplanting.....................................................................................................................................................48
Onderhoudsgedrag............................................................................................................................................48
Abnormaal gedrag.............................................................................................................................................49
Hoofdstuk 14: de hond................................................................................................................................. 50
Evolutie en domesticatie....................................................................................................................................50
Sociaal gedrag....................................................................................................................................................50
Interacties met de mens.....................................................................................................................................51
Rasgebonden eigenschappen.............................................................................................................................51
Zintuigen.............................................................................................................................................................51
Communicatie....................................................................................................................................................52
Houdingen..........................................................................................................................................................53
Seksueel gedrag.................................................................................................................................................54
Abnormaal gedrag.............................................................................................................................................55
Hoofdstuk 15: de kat.................................................................................................................................... 56
Evolutie en domesticatie....................................................................................................................................56
Zintuigen.............................................................................................................................................................56
3
VAN DE HUISDIEREN
1e bachelor diergeneeskunde
Pauline Bruyns
,Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1: inleiding.................................................................................................................................... 5
Kadering...............................................................................................................................................................5
Gedrag..................................................................................................................................................................5
Toegepaste ethologie...........................................................................................................................................6
Observatie............................................................................................................................................................6
Hoofdstuk 2: evolutie domesticatie................................................................................................................ 7
Nature vs nurture.................................................................................................................................................7
Genetische invloed vs omgevingsinvloed.............................................................................................................7
Gedrag..................................................................................................................................................................7
Selectie.................................................................................................................................................................7
Evolutie.................................................................................................................................................................8
Modificatie en ritualisatie....................................................................................................................................8
Oversprong gedrag..............................................................................................................................................8
Functie gedrag......................................................................................................................................................8
Domesticatie........................................................................................................................................................9
Hoofdstuk 3: gedrag en fysiologie................................................................................................................ 10
Zenuwstelsel.......................................................................................................................................................10
Centrale regulatie gedrag..................................................................................................................................10
Hypothalamus....................................................................................................................................................10
Limbisch systeem................................................................................................................................................11
Beslissingen........................................................................................................................................................11
Intern proces......................................................................................................................................................12
Biologische klok..................................................................................................................................................12
Feromonen.........................................................................................................................................................12
Slaap...................................................................................................................................................................13
Voedselopname..................................................................................................................................................14
Reproductief gedrag...........................................................................................................................................14
Maternaal gedrag..............................................................................................................................................14
Stress..................................................................................................................................................................15
Hoofdstuk 4: motivatie en organisatie.......................................................................................................... 16
Motivatie............................................................................................................................................................16
Motivationele status..........................................................................................................................................16
Stimuli.................................................................................................................................................................16
Negatief terugkoppelingssysteem.....................................................................................................................16
Appetitief en consummatorisch gedrag.............................................................................................................17
1
, Contra free loading............................................................................................................................................17
Hoofdstuk 5: leren en cognitie..................................................................................................................... 18
Leerprocessen.....................................................................................................................................................18
Inprenten............................................................................................................................................................18
Socialisatie..........................................................................................................................................................18
Niet-associatief leren.........................................................................................................................................19
Associatief leren.................................................................................................................................................19
Leren vs training.................................................................................................................................................22
Hoofdstuk 6: communicatie, sociaal en reproductief gedrag.........................................................................23
Sociaal gedrag....................................................................................................................................................23
Communicatie....................................................................................................................................................23
Hoofdstuk 7: play......................................................................................................................................... 26
Interacties tussen individuen..............................................................................................................................26
Context...............................................................................................................................................................26
Mechanismen.....................................................................................................................................................26
Welzijn................................................................................................................................................................27
Hoofdstuk 9: abnormaal gedrag................................................................................................................... 28
Stress en welzijn.................................................................................................................................................28
Conflicten...........................................................................................................................................................28
Gevolgen............................................................................................................................................................29
Vrij conflict.........................................................................................................................................................29
Onvrije conflicten...............................................................................................................................................29
Coping styles......................................................................................................................................................30
Fysiologische stressindicatoren..........................................................................................................................31
Hoofdstuk 10: het paard.............................................................................................................................. 32
Evolutie, adaptatie en domesticatie...................................................................................................................32
Sensorische systemen.........................................................................................................................................32
Sociaal gedrag....................................................................................................................................................33
Levensloop..........................................................................................................................................................33
Onderhoudsgedrag............................................................................................................................................34
Voeding..............................................................................................................................................................34
Beweging............................................................................................................................................................35
Huisvesting & management...............................................................................................................................35
Hoofdstuk 11: het rund................................................................................................................................ 37
Evolutie en domesticatie....................................................................................................................................37
Sociale organisatie.............................................................................................................................................37
2
, Zintuigen.............................................................................................................................................................37
Sociaal gedrag....................................................................................................................................................38
Voorplantingsgedrag.........................................................................................................................................39
Onderhoudsgedrag............................................................................................................................................40
Cognitie..............................................................................................................................................................40
Houderijsystemen...............................................................................................................................................41
Hoofdstuk 12: het varken............................................................................................................................. 42
Evolutie en domesticatie....................................................................................................................................42
Selectie...............................................................................................................................................................42
Zintuigen.............................................................................................................................................................42
Sociaal gedrag....................................................................................................................................................43
Agonistisch gedrag.............................................................................................................................................43
Voortplanting.....................................................................................................................................................44
Onderhoudsgedrag............................................................................................................................................44
Cognitie..............................................................................................................................................................45
Abnormaal gedrag.............................................................................................................................................45
Hoofdstuk 13: pluimvee............................................................................................................................... 46
Evolutie en domesticatie....................................................................................................................................46
Zintuigen.............................................................................................................................................................46
Cognitie..............................................................................................................................................................47
Sociaal gedrag....................................................................................................................................................47
Voortplanting.....................................................................................................................................................48
Onderhoudsgedrag............................................................................................................................................48
Abnormaal gedrag.............................................................................................................................................49
Hoofdstuk 14: de hond................................................................................................................................. 50
Evolutie en domesticatie....................................................................................................................................50
Sociaal gedrag....................................................................................................................................................50
Interacties met de mens.....................................................................................................................................51
Rasgebonden eigenschappen.............................................................................................................................51
Zintuigen.............................................................................................................................................................51
Communicatie....................................................................................................................................................52
Houdingen..........................................................................................................................................................53
Seksueel gedrag.................................................................................................................................................54
Abnormaal gedrag.............................................................................................................................................55
Hoofdstuk 15: de kat.................................................................................................................................... 56
Evolutie en domesticatie....................................................................................................................................56
Zintuigen.............................................................................................................................................................56
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