AQA GCSE Design and Technology - Product Design Research Study.

Why does product evolution occur? - correct answer Continuous improvement Market pull Technology push Social/cultural needs Political/environmental needs What is market pull? - correct answer Designing to satisfy the needs and wants of customers - costumer demand Changing fashions and social attitudes affect what people want and it isn't always the same Give an example of market pull - correct answer A car is designed to get you from A to B but they have become a status symbol and luxury extras such as seat-back TV screens are added What is technology push? - correct answer Research and development leads to new technologies, materials and manufacturing techniques New technology can make a product cheaper, perform its function better or be nicer-looking Give an example of technology push - correct answer Computers started as a hude 'adding machines' but now microchips allow for small, fast and powerful machienes What is continuous improvement? - correct answer Manufactures want to make more money, increase profit They improve the design do they can be made more easily 'continuous improvement' They make them as good as possible to make money, be competitive and meet standards of product quality What alternative reasons can a product evolve for? - correct answer Social or cultural needs (For example, wind-up radios for Africans so they could listen to educational broadcasts about health concerns) Political or environmental needs (For example, the need for environmentally friendly products such as hybrid engine cars that are more efficient) Name the features of the Arts and Crafts movement - correct answer Founded by William Morris Bases on patterns found in nature Upright and angular Made by made and skilled craftsmen Name the features of the Art Nouveau movement - correct answer Designers include Louis C.Tiffany Flowing and curvy designs They use floral or insect motifs Name the features of the Art Deco movement - correct answer Inspired by African and Egyptian art Bold colours, zigzag and stepped shapes, bold sweeping curves and the sunset motif Example is the Chrysler building in New York Name the features of the Bauhaus movement - correct answer Movement from Germany Has the motto 'form follows function' Function is most important and appearance is second It is futuristic, simplistic and used mass production methods Uses chrome tubing and black leather Name the features of the De Stijl movement - correct answer Dutch modernist movemnt Basic - uses simple shapes, horizontal and vertical lines The three primary colous only Well known example is Gerrit Rietveld's Red and Blue chair Name the features of the postmodernism movement - correct answer Rejected 'form follows function' Put style as the focus point of design Memphis used bright, contrasting colours and different materials Some styles contain kitsch and minimalism What are human factors? - correct answer Addressing different needs and values of target groups Disabled users Cultural and religious values Age groups Ergonomics Anthropometrics Explain how products can be changed for disabled users - correct answer Some packaging has Braille for blind users Buttons can be made bigger and brighter so they are easier to press and find Products such as smoke alarms can have visible signals as well as audio ones so deaf people are alerted to fires Instructions can be given in picture or diagram form so people with difficulty reading text can use the product Wheelchair access must be designed into busses, trains and working stations (like atms) Explain how products can be changed to suit cultural and religious values - correct answer You can cater for their dietary needs Create products to suit a particular custom or celebration - like Diwali uses lights Cultures can use things differently, the Japanese custom is to eat at a low table on the floor Clothing styles can vary, it could be inappropriate to wear revealing clothing Colours can have different meaning - Chinese brides wear red for example