TEAS 6-Chemistry Study Guide

The smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element. - Correct Answer-Atom The atom is further made of smaller particles named as subatomic or ultimate particles. The atom has been split by physicists mainly into three subatomic particles namely ____, ____, and ____. - Correct Answer-protons, neutrons, and electrons A ___ carries a positive charge. It is placed in the nucleus of an atom and has mass nearly equal to 1 a.m.u - Correct Answer-proton A ___ has no charge. It is placed in the nucleus of an atom and has mass also nearly equal to 1 a.m.u - Correct Answer-neutron An ___ is negatively charged. It is placed in the orbital and has negligible mass. - Correct Answer-electron Protons and neutrons are present in the nucleus of an atom whereas ____are placed in 4 different orbitals (s,p,d,f) surrounding the nucleus. - Correct Answer-electrons ____ ____ or mass number is obtained by adding the number of protons and neutrons in each atom. The total number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element is known as the ____ ____ of that element. - Correct Answer-atomic weight, atomic number Different atoms of the same element possessing different atomic masses but having same atomic number are known as ____. - Correct Answer-isotopes Since the isotopes of an atom have the same atomic number, they must contain an equal number of protons. As their atomic masses are different, there must be a difference in the number of ___ they possess. - Correct Answer-neutrons They will show similar ___ properties but their ____ properties will be different due to different masses. Also since all isotopes of the same element have the same atomic number they occupy the same place in the periodic table. - Correct Answer-chemical properties, physical properties All neutral atoms have equal number of ____(positively charged) and ____(negatively charged) as a result of which the net charge in the atom is 0. - Correct Answer-protons, electrons But when any atom gains or loses one or more electrons we get atoms with imbalance charge, which are termed as ____. - Correct Answer-ions Ions that are positively charged (meaning loses electron) are called: - Correct Answer- cations Ions that are negatively charged (meaning gains electron) are called: - Correct Answer-anions The region in the space around the nucleus where there is maximum probability of finding an electron is known as an ____ of that electron. - Correct Answer-orbital Alkali metals examples: Group IA - Correct Answer-Sodium, potassium ; +1 Alkaline earth metals examples: Group IIA - Correct Answer-Magnesium, calcium ; +2 Halogens example: Group VII A - Correct Answer-chloride , iodine ; -1