Neurology NCLEX answers

Neurology NCLEX answers A client weighing 150 lb with a head injury is receiving an IV anticonvulsant. The order is for 5 mcg/kg/min. The premixed bag contains 250 mg of anticonvulsant/250 mL normal saline solution. The nurse will set the administration pump for how many milliliters per hour? 20 A client has been taking carbamazepine (Tegretol) for 3 years. What should the nurse specifically evaluate on the admission physical assessment? Symptoms of increased bruising and weakness Before beginning a client's medication therapy with levodopa (Sinemet) for Parkinson's disease, it is important for the nurse to determine if he takes what medication? Monoamine oxidase inhibitors During a physical exam of a child diagnosed with chronic recurrent seizures who is receiving antiepileptic medication, the nurse notes hyperplasia of the gums. The nurse understands that hyperplasia of the gums is: A common side effect of phenytoin (Dilantin) An older adult client is diagnosed with postherpetic neuralgia. Which of the following medications would the nurse anticipate being ordered to treat the neuralgia pain? Select all that apply. Anticonvulsants, Tricyclic antidepressants, Opioids A client is taking antiepileptic medication. The nurse understands that antiepileptic medication: May be discontinued after 4 years if there is no seizure activity, and the EEG is normal A client has been receiving antiepileptic medication. If the client discontinues treatment abruptly, what complication may occur? Status epilepticus What is important teaching to provide the client regarding the use of medications to treat trigeminal neuralgia? Relief of the symptoms should occur within 24 hours of starting the medication. The nurse is administering mannitol (Osmitrol) to a client who had a craniotomy for a pituitary tumor the previous day. What nursing observation would indicate that the medication is having the desired effect? The neurologic signs indicate no evidence of increased intracranial pressure. A client with a closed head injury is receiving dexamethasone (Decadron). What is the purpose of administering this medication to the client? Decrease and/or prevent cerebral swelling A client diagnosed with Parkinson's disease has been taking benztropine (Cogentin) for approximately 6 months. The nurse is evaluating him on his clinic visit. What is important for the nurse to determine regarding this medication? Has he had any problems with constipation and urinary retention? A client is admitted to the nursing unit with a diagnosis of exacerbation of her myasthenia gravis. Before offering the client any oral fluids, what would be important to determine? When did she last take her Mestinon? Immediately after a client has sustained a T8 spinal cord injury, the nurse is administering IV methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol). To evaluate the effectiveness of this medication, the nurse would assess: Motor and sensory function of the lower extremities A child is prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin) for epilepsy. The nurse would monitor for a deficiency in which of the following? Vitamin D Which of the following is usually the first pharmacologic intervention for an adolescent experiencing a migraine headache? Excedrin Which medication order would the nurse question for a client who has been recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis? Neostigmine (Prostigmin) A client with myasthenia gravis is scheduled to have a Tensilon diagnostic test. In anticipation of complications regarding this medication the nurse understands that the antidote is Atropine sulfate What drug will the nurse be prepared to administer to a client who is experiencing an acute exacerbation of symptoms associated with multiple sclerosis? Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) The nurse is obtaining a health history from a client who states he is having pain in his left arm. Which question by the nurse will elicit the most useful response from the client? "Can you describe the pain you are experiencing in your arm?" The nurse is assessing a client with a tentative diagnosis of a brain tumor. What would the nurse anticipate the client's primary complaint to be? Recurrent headaches The nurse is caring for a client who has had a right-sided stroke. What would be appropriate nursing care for this client? Performing passive ROM exercises to affected side, active ROM on unaffected side A client is scheduled for an electroencephalogram. What will the nurse explain to the client regarding the purpose of this test? Records brain electrical activity A client who has had a stroke is aphasic. It has been a week since his stroke. The client is beginning to show functional improvement and demonstrates an ability to follow verbal directions. What will rehabilitation now include? Speech training The nurse is caring for a client who is doing well after his craniotomy. What will the bowel care for this client include? High-fiber diet and stool softeners to prevent constipation After a tonic-clonic (formerly grand mal) seizure, what nursing action is the highest priority? Maintain a patent airway by turning the client on his side and suctioning, if necessary. A client with Parkinson disease is experiencing anorexia and vomiting. The client is taking levodopa. What will be the initial nursing activity? Administer client's medication with food. An 8-year-old child is admitted after an accident where he sustained a closed head injury. The child is alert and oriented but very lethargic. There is clear fluid draining from the child's nose. What is the best nursing action? Keep head of bed elevated. When obtaining a health history, the nurse expects a client with a recent diagnosis of Parkinson disease to report which sign or symptom? Slowness of movement While caring for a client who has recently been diagnosed with Parkinson disease, the nurse should understand that: Mood fluctuations may occur. Pneumonia is a common problem in children with spastic cerebral palsy. The nurse understands that this occurs because: Decreased mobility leads to stasis of secretions in the respiratory passages. The nurse is assessing a client who has just had a lumbar puncture. What nursing observation would cause the nurse the most concern? Nurse observes clear fluid oozing from the puncture site. The nurse is caring for a client who has a temporal craniotomy, and this is the first postoperative day. What is an important nursing intervention? Maintain the client with his head elevated. What will the nurse anticipate the neurologic nursing assessment of an 88-year-old client with a left cranial hemisphere hemorrhage to reveal? Right-sided flaccidity and hemiparesis Which nursing observations support the identification of the early development of a chronic subdural hematoma in a 3-month-old infant? Increased irritability and vomiting There is an order to increase the rate of respirations per minute on the ventilator of a client with increased intracranial pressure. The nurse recognizes that hyperventilation is used to: Shift blood gases to respiratory alkalosis. The nurse questions the use of which drug for the client with cerebral hemorrhage? Enoxaparin (Lovenox) The nurse is assessing a client with a tentative diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Which assessment finding would the nurse identify as characteristic of early signs of multiple sclerosis (MS)? Diplopia A client in the acute phase of Guillain-Barré syndrome is admitted with weakness and numbness of the lower extremities, along with continual pain that worsens at night. What would be a priority nursing diagnosis?