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A2 Recombinant DNA Technology Exam Qs with Complete Solutions
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A2 Recombinant DNA Technology Exam Qs with Complete Solutions
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A2 Recombinant DNA Technology ExamQs with Complete Solutions
Why is it important to use the same restriction endonuclease on DNA samples in an
experiment? - Answer-Access same base sequence
So get fragments with required gene
**Suggest why scientists insert a plasmid with EGFP (a gene that codes for bright
protein) - Answer-Those cells that do not glow brightly have not taken up the plasmid
Name the enzyme used to cut a gene from human DNA - Answer-Restriction
endonuclease
Suggest reasons why very few live births result from the many embryos that are
implanted. - Answer--Foreign embryo is attacked by antibodies
-DNA may be damages
-DNA may interfere with proteins
It is important that scientists report the results from failed attempts to produce
transgenic animals. Why? - Answer--Scientists don't repeat mistakes
-Saves time and money
When manufacturing large quanitites of insulin, why is it better to start by isolating
mRNA from pancreas cells rather than DNA from pancreas cells? - Answer--mRNA
doesn't have introns
-Amount of mRNA>amount of DNA
-Specific mRNA found in pancreas cells
Name the bond which holds together the 2 strands in a double-stranded DNA molecule.
- Answer-Hydrogen Bonds
What is a vector? - Answer-Way of transporting genes and inserting them into a
different organism
Other than restriction endonuclease, which enzyme must the scientist have added to
the mixture to form recombinant plasmids? - Answer-DNA ligase to bind the sticky ends
phosphate backbone framework
Explain why pieces of DNA can join to the cut DNA of plasmids. - Answer--Sticky ends
-Complementary bases
Name the enzyme that is used to cut the gene for Factor IX from human DNA. -
Answer-Restriction endonuclease
, The jellyfish gene attached to the human Factor IX gene codes for a protein that glows
green under fluorescent light. Explain the purpose of attaching this gene. - Answer-Acts
as a marker gene
Identifies which cells have taken up the gene
Cells which glow have taken up the gene
The polymerase chain reaction was used to produce many copies of the piece of DNA
containing CAG repeats (Huntington's disease).
Only one person tested positive for Huntington's disease. How could they be detected?
- Answer-Person with highest band (travelled shortest distance), so has largest number
of CAG repeats.
The polymerase chain reaction was used to produce many copies of the piece of DNA
containing CAG repeats (Huntington's disease).
Suggest how the scientists found the number of CAG repeats in the bands shown on
the gel. - Answer-Run fragments of CAG repeats at the same time to compare.
The polymerase chain reaction was used to produce many copies of the piece of DNA
containing CAG repeats (Huntington's disease).
Two bands are usually seen for each person tested. Suggest why only one band was
seen for person L. - Answer--Homozygous fragments are the same length/size
-Another band had already moved past this section of the gel.
Do the results of the electrophoresis indicate that the footballer is the father of the child?
- Answer-Yes because the bands in the baby that don't come from the mother are
shared with the father.
Explain why all the DNA samples are cut using the same restriction enzyme during
electrophoresis. - Answer-So the DNA is cut at the same base sequence and gives
repeats of the same piece of DNA
A probe is used to locate the bands of DNA. Explain why the probe must be radioactive.
- Answer-DNA is not visible on the gel
Radioactivity is easily detected on photographic film
Explain how genetic fingerprints can be useful in selecting animals for breeding. -
Answer-So animals with similar fingerprints are not paired, as this would lead to
inbreeding.
Describe how the technique of genetic fingerprinting is carried out and explain how it
can be used to identify a person. - Answer-1. DNA is cut;
2. using restriction enzyme;
3. electrophoresis;
4. separates according to length/mass/size;
5. DNA made single-stranded;
6. transfer to membrane/ Southern blotting;
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