Micr 270 - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

MICR 270 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH ALL ANSWERS UPDATED Physical barriers (type of immune barrier) - Answer-- Made of every structure at interface between inside and outside of body (Like skin, cilia and bodily secretions) - Made of physical and chemical components - Function to prevent or slow down invasion of pathogens - Physical components include skin and mucous membranes (Skin provides barrier pathogens can't cross unless breached; Mucous membranes cover body cavities and contain specialize...

MICR 270 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ALL ANSWERS VERIFIED ingestion - Answer-second step of phagocytosis pathogen is ingested, forming a phagosome within the cell fusion - Answer-third step of phagocytosis The phagosome fuses with a lysosome, releasing lysosomal enzymes digestion - Answer-fourth step of phagocytosis bacterium is killed and digested by the lysosomal enzymes release - Answer-last step of phagocytosis The digestion products are released from the cell via exocytosis...

MICR 270 TESTED QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS REVISED & UPDATED!! Steps of innate TLR recognition - Answer-1) TLRs recognize PAMPs/DAMPs and initiate phagocytosis 2) Phagocyte presents pathogen on its cell surface through a complex called peptide:MHC complex (phagocyte is now an antigen-presenting cell) 3) Phagocyte stimulates production of costimulatory molecules, which increase strength of antigen-presenting process 4) T-cell binds to the peptide:MHC complex, which activates the T-cell Inflamm...

MICR 270 Exam Study Guide | 100% Pass Guaranteed Bacteria - Answer - Unicellular, prokaryotic - No internal membranous structure (eg. nuclei, mitochondria, lysosomes) - Genomes are circular, double stranded DNA, and do not code for as many proteins as eukaryotic organisms Cholera - Answer diarrheal illness caused by bacteria Vibrio cholerae - Usually mild, but 1 in 10 people have severe disease - Contracted by eating contaminated food

MICR 270 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS – UPDATED!! Pattern Recognition Receptor (PRR) - Answer-A receptor that recognises molecular patterns commonly shared by a number of pathogens; includes toll-like receptors. Pathogen Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP) - Answer-Associated with groups of pathogens → functional structures, repeated sequences of proteins, glycoproteins, lipoproteins, amino acids, etc Phagocytes - Answer-a type of cell within the body capable of engulfing a...

MALT (Mucosal Associated Lymphoid Tissues) - Answer Structure: Combined surface area of various areas in the body Location: mucous membranes lining the digestive, respiratory and urogenital systems Function: Initiates immune response to specific antigens encountered along mucosal surfaces Spleen - Answer Structure: large, ovoid, two compartments (red pulp: cords of Billroth - fibrils and connective tissue cells with monocytes and macrophages, white pulp: filled with macrophages, lymphocyt...

MICR 270 Exam Study Guide with Questions and 100% Verified Answers Killed-inactivated vaccine - Answer o Contains a strain of the pathogen that has been inactivated by heat, chemicals, or radiation and has the ability to generate an immune response but cannot replicate. o Examples: rabies vaccine and flu vaccine. o Advantages: safer option as it cannot mutate back to a virulent form and easier to store and transport. o Disadvantages: requires multiple booster doses to maintain immunity a...

hematopoietic cells - Answer self-renewing, pluripotent myeloid progenitor - Answer differentiate into most of the cells of the innate immune system monocyte/macrophages - Answer phagocytes, can travel outside the circuitry system by crossing the blood vessel wal

MICR 270 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH REVISED ANSWERS – UPDATED!! autocrine signaling - Answer-the target cell is also the secreting cell paracrine signalling - Answer-Target cells near secreting cells (regulate neighbors) endocrine signalling - Answer-A mode of transmission for signalling molecules that act on cells that are far from the cell that secretes them. Pro-inflammatory cytokines - Answer-induce inflammatory response in the body (ex: TNF alpha) Anti-inflammatory cytokines -...

Natural killer/NK cells function/characteristics - Answer - Granular lymphocytes - Have granules containing perforin and granzymes - Can recognize abnormal cells (tumour or virus-infected cells) and destroy them (Lack antigen-specific receptors) - Exception to lymphoid lineage (This is because their role is in innate immunity)