Anp Questions and Answers 2023

Anp Questions and Answers 2023 Triangular glads on kidneys Adrenal glands Adrenal glands are made up of what two tissue type? Epithelial anterior and nervous posterior Inner portion containing a lot of blood vessels Medulla Made up of three layers Cortex What three layers is the cortex made up of? Mineral corticoid Gluco corticoid Eldosterone Regulates sodium and potassium Mineral corticoid Keeps glucose constant Glucocorticoid Hormone (cortisol) Anti inflammatory Produces weak version of testosterone sometimes estrogen Gonado cortisol What are the two primary hormones pertaining to the adrenal medulla Epinephrine and neuroepinepherin Job of epinephrine and neuroepinepherine Mimick and enhance sympathetic nervous system Targets cardiovascular systemand muscle cells in the body Chromaphin cells NeuroEpinephrine Increases body for activity Define cns Central nervous system consists of brain and spinal cord in dorsal cavity What is the job of the cns Interprets sensory input and dictates motor output Can be released by certain neurons as a neuro transmitter ... Thin gland behind stomach Pancreas Can a gland be endocrine and exocrine? Yes an example would be the pancreas Pancreatic islets divide into? Alpha and beta cells Glucagon producing cell? Alpha Insulin producing cell? Beta What type of relationship do alpha and beta cells have? An antagonistic relationship they produce opposite reactions Released during low levels of blood glucose Glucagon Raise blood glucose levels by breaking down glycogen or create by break down of amino and fatty acids Glucagon Begins digestion released during high levels of glucose in blood Insulin Breaks down glucose and stores it as fatty acods Insulim Blood sugar level high produces insulin Beta Blood sugar levels low produces glucagon Alpha Sends signal to the central nervous system Afferent pathway Sends signal away from the central nervous system Efferent pathway Integration and control center. Contains brain and spinal cord Central nervous system Contains spinal and cranial nerves Peripheral nervous system Somatic nervous system Voluntary Autonomic nervous system Involuntary What is the ans made up of? Smooth, cardiac, and glands Two functional subdivisions Sympathetic and parasympathetic Fight or flight Sympathetic Rest and digest Parasympathetic Two principal cell types Neuroglia and neurons Small cells that surround and wrap neurons Neuroglia Excitable cells that transmit electrical signals Neurons Structural units of nervous system that conduct impulse long and have long longevity Neurons Do not reproduce Amititotic Receives impulses from other neurons Dendrites Temporary depolarization as 2 impulses send impulses Graded porential Part protein part lipid Myelin Segmented sheath around most long axons Myelin sheaths Function of myelin sheaths Protects and insulates axon increasing speed of nerve impulses Conducts impulses more slowly Nonmylenated