ESPM 50AC Midterm 1 Questions And Answers 100% Guaranteed Success.

ESPM 50AC Midterm 1 Questions And
Answers 100% Guaranteed Success.




Unity1yTopicy1:yHurricaneyKatrinayandyNewyOrleansy-ycorrectyanswer.yyyy

Situationy-
ycorrectyanswer.yyyySeeingysomethingyforyitsysocioeconomicyqualities.yPerhapsytheycultural

yadvantageythatyityhasycomparedytoyotheryplaces



Sitey-
ycorrectyanswer.yyyySeeingysomethingyforyitsyenvironmentalyqualities,ytheyecosystemyofythe

yplace



Sitey&ySituationyExampley-
ycorrectyanswer.yyyyNewyOrleans:yBadysiteybecauseyinyayswamp.yGoodysituationybecauseyt

heyswampyisyatytheymouthyofyayMississippiyriver

SoutheasternyLouisianayWetlandsy-yMississippiyandyWetlandsy-
ycorrectyanswer.yyyyMississippiyriverydrainsyabouty1/3yofytheycountry.

Haveywetlandsythatyareyformedybyysoilsythatyareyessentiallyysedimentythatyisywashedydow
nybyyriver.
1.yTendytoybeyveryyfertileyandyhaveyfineygrain
2.ySubjectytoysubsidencey(Gradualycavingyinyorysinkingyofyanyareayofyland)ywhichywillyabso
rbywateryandysinkyoverytime

SoutheasternyLouisianayWetlandsy-yMississippiyriveryandyitsyannualyfloodsy-
ycorrectyanswer.yyyyRechargesytheysoilyofytheseywetlands

1.yWorksytoyeffectivelyycounteractytheyprocessyofysubsidence
2.yLaysydownymoreyandymoreysediment

,SoutheasternyLouisianayWetlandsy-yDeltaicylobesyofytheyMississippiyrivery-
ycorrectyanswer.yyyyAydeltayformsywhereyayriveryentersyaylargeywaterybodyy-

yMississippiydeltayinytheygulfyofyMexico

Lobesyareytheyaccumulationyofysandyandysiltydepositsythatywereycarriedybyytheyriveryandyd
epositedyinytheydelta
Theyshape/sizeyofytheseylobesyareydeterminedybyysedimentyload,yandytidesyinytheywater
Formedyandyrechargedybyydepositionyofyalluvialysoily(fineygrainedyfertileysoilydepositedybyy
wateryflowingyoveryfloodyplainsyoryinyriverybeds)

SoutheasternyLouisianayWetlandsy-yImportanceyofyWetlandsy-
ycorrectyanswer.yyyyProvideyecosystemyservices.y1.yProvideyaynaturalyslumpyforyfloodywater

s.y2.yTheyfloodycomes,yandygetsyabsorbedybyytheywetlands
Wetlandsyprovideyaybarrierytoystormysurgesy(risingyofytheysea)yassociatedywithyhurricanes
Aymileyofywetlandsywillystopyayfootyofystormysurge
Lossyofywetlandsyinythey18thycentury,yacceleratedyinythey20thycentury.y(Dueytoydevelopme
ntyofyaypetrochemicalyindustryyafteryWW2.yBuildingycanals/pipelinesyforytransportationyoffy
theyrig.yUtterydestructionyofywetlands.)
Back-
swampyareas,yareasythatyareylateryreclaimedyinylatey1930s.yImportantyinytermsyofyabsorbin
gywateryinyfloods.y
Wetlandsywereyoverlookedybyyplannersyasypartyofywhatymightyhaveybeenyanyintegratedyw
aterymanagementysystem.y(Instead...yplannersyfocusedyexclusivelyyony(canals,ylevees,ya
ndypumps)yleveesyonlyyapproachesyasytheybasisyofywaterymanagement)

Leveesy-yNaturalyLeveesy-
ycorrectyanswer.yyyyNaturalyleveesyformedybyysedimentsydepositedybyytheyrivery(notyneces

sarilyyfromyfloods)y-yFlowingydownyandycreatingyitsyownybanks
Theseyareasyformedytheybasisyforyearlyysettlementyandytheypopulationycenteryforysettleme
ntyinytheyNewyOrleansyupyuntilytheyearlyy20thycenturies.yPeopleylivedyonyhighygrounds,ynat
uralylevees.

Leveesy-yArtificialyLeveesy-
ycorrectyanswer.yyyyArtificialyleveesywereyfirstyconstructedybyytheyFrenchyandySpanishyasyth

eyydevelopedysugaryplatformsyupstreamyfromyNewyOrleansyandydownstreamyfromyelsewe
reyinyLouisiana
WhenytheyAmericansyboughtytheyland,ytheyyalsoyhaveysugaryplantations
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Bigyfloodsybrokeythoseyleveesybecauseytheyywereysimplyydirtystackedyup,ynotymadeyofycon
crete

Leveesy-y1927yMajoryfloody-
ycorrectyanswer.yyyyNotyuntilymajoryfloodyony1927yinyMississippiyriverydidytheyygiveyaymassiv

eyinfrastructureydevelopmentyallytheywayytoyIllinois
DevelopmentyofytheynaturalybasinythatytheyMississippiyriverywouldyoftenyflowyintoyduringyflo
ods,ywestyofyNewyOrleans.y

, Theyybuiltyaydiversionymechanismytoysendyfloodywateryoutythatywayy(Armyycorpsyofyengine
ersybuiltythis.yFloodyactyofy1928)

Leveesy-yFloodyactyofy1928y-
ycorrectyanswer.yyyy•yItypreventedystormywateryfromycomingydownyintoytheysoutheasternyLo

uisianaywetlands,ywhichywasyimportantyforyrechargingythoseywetlandsyandypreservingythe
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•yAydeep-draftyshippingychannely
•yConnectedyMississippiyriverywithyLakeyBorgney
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atyonceyactedyasyaystormysurgeybufferyforytheycommunity.
•ydestroyedyaygreatydealyofywetlands,ycreatedyhurricaneyfunnel

Leveesy-yHurricaneyFunnely-ycorrectyanswer.yyyyRotateycounteryclockwise
Stormysurgeycanyaccelerateyandybecomeylargeryasyitynarrowsydownytheyfunnel
Comesythroughytheycanalyandyhitsytheyindustrialycanal.y1.yFloodingytheyloweryninthywardya
ndytheyrestyofytheycity

Leveesy-ySymbolismy-
ycorrectyanswer.yyyyTheyleveesyservedytoyfunctionallyyandyalsoysymbolicallyyseparateynatur

eyandyculture.y1.yAyreflectionyofyanyinstrumentalistymentality.y2.yControllingynatureywithyhig
hymodernytechnologies.y3.yWhileynotyconservingywetlands.y
Theyleveesyallowedyforytheyresolutionsyofytheytensionybetweenysitey&ysituation.y1.yLeveesy
madeyitypossibleytoyliveyinythisyplace,yoryputtingytheyideayofypossibilityyinyyourymind.y2.yPutyi
nytheybackyofymindytheylousinessyofytheysiteythatyisyLouisiana.

HistoricalyGeographyyofyNewyOrleansyandySoutheasternyLousianay-
ycorrectyanswer.yyyy•yDevelopmentyofytheycityybeganyinythey1700syandyexpandedytheylevee

syalongyTreme
1.yEarlyyerayofyreclamationy
2.yTechnologiesythatywillyallowyforypumping,ylargeryamountsyofywateryout
•yThisyprogressiveyeraywaterymanagementysystemycreatedyaysituationyinywhichyyouyhadyay
geographyyofyraciallyydifferentiatedyrisksyplayyout
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3.yRacialyDiscrimination
•yAfricanyAmericansywillybeyexcludedyfromybuyingyandyrentingypropertyyinytheyneighborho
od
•yByythey1930s,yRed-LiningybyytheyFederalyHomeyAssociation?yAdministration
•yIdentifiedycertainyareasyasyhighyriskyforyloans
•yChargeyhighyinterestyrates