Class notes
Lecture 7 Chapter 10 and 11
- Institution
- Carleton University (CU )
class and textbook notes
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
Content preview
Lecture 7Humanistic tradition: carl rogers
● Main emphasis: conscious awareness of needs, choice and personal responsibility
● Human need for growth and realizing one’s full potential
Human nature is positive and life affirming
Approach is a counter response to psychoanalytic and behavioural traditions, both of which
are held that people have little free will in determining their actions
Carl Rogers: the person
● Born in illinois, chicago
○ Large family, moved to farm
○ Isolated childhood, shy and lacking in social skills
● Controlling parents: artistic expression was forbidden
● He was curious about the necessary conditions for the development of plants and
animals; same principles guided his conditions for human growth
Only way to knowledge is science
No objective truth
His theory emphasized a few points:
● Identify the conditions for personality change
● Theory of personality is derived from the theory of the person
○ Through therapy: growth development
● Fully functioning person
● Through the theory, we can delineate other areas of functioning that lead to the fully
functioning person
○ Interpersonal relations, family, education...
Rogers theory: based on environment as much as innate tendencies
1. Formative tendency: we evolve, change and become different. Natural tendency for
all organic and inorganic matter
2. Actualizing tendency: fulfillment happens when we satisfy needs; we become fulfilled
when we attend to physiological, intellectual and emotional needs
Balance between maintenance and enhancement
Conditions for actualization: authenticity, empathy, unconditional positive regard
The self and self-actualization
The self concept: experiences of the self
Measuring self concept: the IQ technique
The ideal self: the self concept that we would LIKE to possess
incongruence=anxiety
Needs
● As we develop, we experience things: self experiences
, ○ Development of the need for positive regard
● Positive self regard: liking and accepting who we are
● All children are born with a need for positive self regard (accepted and loved)
● Conditions of worth thwart this need
Conditions of worth
● Many parents and significant others place conditions of worth
○ Conditional positive regard: obstacle growth
● But the key to development of unconditional positive self regard and moving toward
self-actualization is the receipt of unconditional positive regard
○ Anxiety results when people get off track in pursuit of self-actualization
Incongruence
● What happens when the self and self-concept are at odds?
○ Disequilibrium
○ Conditions of worth will cause this. Ex ia am a bad person for doing this, for
thinking this, fro feelings this
○ Psychological imbalance
● Vulnerability: unaware of the discrepancy
● Can't understand why we do the things we do
● Anxiety and threat: when we start to realize the incongruence
● Defensiveness: protect against anxiety and threat
● Disorganization: when incongruence becomes too obvious
○ Not enough time to defence, distort protect
Theory of psychotherapy
● Rogers approach to therapy (Client centered therapy) is designed to get a person
back on the path toward self-actualization
Three conditions for therapeutic progress/psychological growth
1. Congruence: therapist must create an atmosphere of genuine acceptance of
the client
2. Unconditional positive regard
3. Empathetic listening: client must feel that the therapist understands them
Person-centered theory in perspective
● Dramatic influence in psychotherapy settings
● Humanistic values and respecting the client
● Developed a method for assessing psychotherapy studies
○ Measures of personality change are significant
○ However: vague and imprecise concepts; falsifiability; applied in a
problem focused manner?
Existential psychology
Purpose: regain contact with basic experience of what it means to be alive
How does it feel to exist?
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller JamieMongeon. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for CA$10.80. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
64438 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now