Echocardiography TESTS COMPILATION BUNDLE

What phase is atrial depolarization correct answer: P wave What phase is ventricle depolarization correct answer: QRS What phase is ventricular repolarization correct answer: T wave What is the pacemaker correct answer: SA node The left main coronary artery divides into correct answe...

What is the incidence of Ebstein's anomaly? correct answer: 1% What chromosomal anomalies are associated with Ebstein's? correct answer: Trisomy 13, 18, and 21 What arrhythmia is associated with Ebstein's anomaly? correct answer: SVT What other 2 things are commonly associated with Eb...

SV and CO SV = π × (1)² CO = SV × (2) ÷ 1000 1. LVOT/2 2. HR right atrial pressure just remember 50%/21mm/0,5,10,15 LA inflow velocities. •LA inflow velocities are recorded in the (1) vein from an apical four-chamber view on TTE and any pulmonary vein on TEE. •The (2)mm le...

Ultimately, the sinus venosus forms the: A. posterior portions of the atria B. Pulmonary Veins C. Superior and inferior vena cava D. All of the above correct answer: D. All of the above prior to week three, the heart consists of a pair of tubes situated on either side of the midline towa...

If imaging just inferior to the crux, the _ is seen, correct answer: coronary sinus If imaging just above the crux, the ___ comes into view. correct answer: left ventricular outflow tract The mitral and aortic valves lie in the left ventricle, ___ the right heart structures correct answer: ...

a wave that requires a medium through which to travel, cannot travel in a vacuum correct answer: mechanical wave transducer that requires mechanical focusing and steering. electrical focusing and steering is not possible correct answer: single element transducer Multiple elements used to cre...

The human ear can perceive sounds up to _______, above which sounds are referred to as "ultrasound." a. 5 kHz b. 20 kHz c. 5 MHz d. 20 MHz correct answer: B: 20 kHz. Ultrasound frequencies in imaging are usually 3-12 MHz The piezoelectric effect refers to converting ____ energy into ____ ...

What occurs when a bacterial colony attaches to the myocardium or leaflets usually in the form of vegetation? correct answer: Endocarditis What is inflammation of the pericardium which results in a build-up of pericardial fluid or fibrinous tissue within the pericardium? correct answer: Pericar...

Contraindications to TEE correct answer: Esophageal pathology -severe dysphagia -esophageal stricture -esophageal diverticula -bleeding esophageal varices -esophageal cancer Cervical spine disorders -severe atlantoaxial joint disorders -orthopedic conditions that prevent neck flexion L...

Which valve separates the ares of greatest pressure differences? correct answer: Mitral valve Which valve separates the areas of lowest pressure differences? correct answer: Pulmonic valve Where does the LAD? correct answer: in the anterior groove or sulcus Which vein is paired with the ...

The amount of blood pumped out of the AO with every heart beat correct answer: Stroke volume Typically the best view to obtain flow in the right pulmonary vein correct answer: Apical view In PLAX, what is the only segment of the LV you cant see? correct answer: Apex Normal MV area correc...

What is the normal value for coronary flow reserve? 4 What does this mean? Flow can increase 4-fold in response to vasodilators, such as adenosine. What is TAPSE? What does it indicate? Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion is an indication of RV function with better inter- and i...

Blood flow Svc, Ivc, Cs, - RA - TV - RV - PV - MPA - RT & LT PA - arterioles - pulmonary capillaries - venules - PV4 - LA - MV - LV - AOV - AAO - aortic arch - descending thoracic aorta - descending abdominal aorta - rt & lt common iliac artery - arteries - arterioles - capillaries - venules - ve...

what is systolic function? how well the heart squeezes what can ventricular systolic function help predict? disease severity clinical endpoints treatment planning what are the measures of systolic function? stroke volume and ejection fraction what is stroke volume? volume of b...

What does partial closure of the aortic valve in mid-systole suggest? This is a classic feature of subvalvular obstruction caused by either the dynamic gradient of HCM or fixed obstruction of a subaortic membrane How can you distinguish aortic stenosis flow from MR or TR flow on continuous wav...