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Unit 5 applied science chemistry exam notes £8.79   Add to cart
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  3. PEARSON (PEARSON)
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  5. Applied Science 2016 NQF
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  7. Unit 5 - Principles and Applications of Science II

Lecture notes

Unit 5 applied science chemistry exam notes
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Lecture notes for Unit 5 applied science chemistry exam. I cover almost everything if not everything, that could possibly be brought up in the exam. hope you find these nots useful

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  • March 19, 2021
  • 6
  • 2019/2020
  • Lecture notes
  • Mr wilson
  • All classes

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Recap

Formula for aluminium oxide: Al2O3

Aluminium oxide is also known as: Alumina

Aluminium oxide is amphoteric: this means it can react as either a base or acid




Electrolysis

The cell contains molten sodium chloride.

Molten means the sodium chlorides been liquified by heat.

The sodium chloride has to be molten so the ions can move around for electric current to
flow

An ion is a particle with a charge (positive or negative)

diaphragm cell

The diaphragm prevents the hydrogen from travelling from right to left to stop a reaction
occurring

This is one way chlorine is manufactured

And one way hydrogen is manufactured


Transition metals

Transition metals are block d elements that have an ion with an incomplete d sub-shell.

Properties of transition metals:

- variable oxidation states
- Coloured compound
- Catalyst : changes oxidation state temporary, and then returns to original state




Organic chemistry

, Propane: C3H6

Butene: C4H10

Formula for Alkane: CnH2n+2

Formula for Alkene: CnH2n


3D representation of Methane:




Alkanes boiling points increases as the chain length increases. This is because more energy
is required to break the intermolecular forces between the atoms.


Orbitals

An orbital is a region of space that can be occupied by up to two pairs of electrons

- S- orbitals are spherical
- P- orbitals are lobe shaped

Covalent bond: shared pair of electrons

When a covalent bond forms, hybrid orbitals arise:

Single covalent bonds are sigma bonds which arise from the head- on overlap of s or p
orbitals.

Free radical mechanism

stages:

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