Lecture notes
Class notes on Ethics in Behavioural Experiments
- Institution
- The University Of Birmingham (UBir)
Full class notes on ethics in behavioural experiments, week 10
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
Introduction to LearningEthics and experiments in history
Hippocrates (4th Century BC)
o First do no harm
Claude Bernard (1813-1878)
o Must have potential benefit
William Osler (1849-1918)
o Consent
George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950)
o “Human Guinea Pigs” (1913)
The modern period
Nazi “experiments”
The effect of vacuum and pressure chambers
Sterilisation – chemical, operative, and radiological
Liver punctures
Deliberate septic infection
Experimental operative surgery
Exposure to gas and chemicals for varying periods
Gassing, benzene injections semi-moribund cremation before death
The Nuremberg Medical Trial
The accused faced 4 charges
1. Conspiracy to commit war crimes and crimes against humanity as
described in counts 2 and 3
2. War crimes: performing medical experiments, without the subjects’
consent, on prisoners of war and civilians of occupied countries, and
participation in the mass murder of concentration camp inmates.
3. Crimes against humanity: committing crimes described under count
2 also on German nationals
4. Membership in a criminal organisation, the SS.
Outcomes of the NMT
15 out of the 23 defendants found guilty:
o 7 were sentenced to death
o 8 found guilty of “participation in the mass murder of
concentration camp inmates”, served 10-20 years in prison
o Final judgement included a set of standards known as the
Nuremberg Code (1947)
o Ten standards to which physicians must conform when
carrying out experiments on human subjects
The Nuremberg Code (1947) - abbreviated versions
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller jessboyden. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £5.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
53068 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now