Functions of the urinary system, Gross anatomy of the Kidney, Internal anatomy of the Kidney,microscopic anatomy of the Kidney, nephrons, renal corpsule, filtration membrane, blood suply to the kidney, phisiology of the kidney, filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion, urine, abnormal ur...
The Urinary System
Functions of the Urinary
System
Renal fascia
Regulation of blood
Thin layer of
Osmolarity
loose
Ionic composition
connective
pH
Volume
Pressure
Production of hormones
Calcitriol
Rinin
Erythropoietin
Regulation of red blood cell
synthesis
Excretion of wastes from
metabolic reactions and
foreign substances
Drugs tissue
Toxins
Gross anatomy of the Internal Anatomy of the
Kidney Kidney
Kidneys are retroperitoneal Renal cortex
organs attached to the Superficial portion of
posterior abdominal wall kidney
Lumbar vertebrae and rib Renal medulla
cage partially protect Inner portion of kidney
Right kidney slightly lower 3 parts:
than left Renal pyramids
The hilum is on the concave Renal papilla
medial side of the kidney and Renal columns
is where the renal artery and A renal lobe is a renal
nerves enter, and renal vein
and ureter leave the kidney
3 layers of tissue surround
the kidney
Renal capsule
Fibrous
connective
tissue
Adipose capsule
Acts as
cushioning pyramid, the overlying cortex
and half of each adjacent
renal column
, Urine produced in the renal Renal corpuscle near
lobes drains from the renal the cortical medullary
papilla into the minor calyx border
4 or 5 minor calyces Loop of Henle extend
combine to form a major deep into the medulla
calyx This enables the
2 or 3 major calyces kidney to produce
combine to form the renal concentrated urine
pelvis Cortical nephrons
Renal pelvis is a funnel- Renal corpuscle near
shaped chamber connected to the periphery of the
to ureter cortex
Loops of Henle do not
Microscopic Anatomy of
extend deep into the
the Kidneys
medulla
Nephrons
Functional unit of the
kidney
Consists of a renal capsule
and a renal tubule
The renal tubule (descends
into the medulla and returns
to the cortex) has 3 mains
parts:
Proximal convoluted
tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted
tubule
The Renal Corpuscle
Collecting ducts from where
many distal tubules come Made of the glomerulus and
together Bowman capsule
Bowman capsule
Outer parietal (simple
squamous epithelium)
Visceral layers (cells
called podocytes)
Glomerulus
Taft of intertwined
capillaries
Types of Nephrons
Juxtamedullary nephrons
15% of nephrons
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