Skeletal muscle anatomy, functions of the muscular system, types of movement, types of skeletal muscle, skeletal muscle, general proprieties of muscle, types of muscle concentration, types of muscle tissue, connective tissue, myoblasts and muscle fibres, skeletal muscle fibres, skeletal muscle stru...
Muscle and Muscle Tissue
SKELETAL MUSCLE ANATOMY Circular (orbicularis oris muscle)
Convergent (pectoralis muscle)
Functions of the Muscular System
Multipennate (deltoid muscle)
Movement of the body Parallel (bicepts brachii muscle)
Maintenance of posture Unipennate (extensor digitorum
Respiration muscle)
Production of body heat Bipennate (rectus femoris muscle)
Communication
Skeletal Muscles
Constriction and support of organs ad
vessels Muscle terminology
Contraction of the heart Origin or head: muscle end
Nutrient stores attached to more stationary of
two bones
Types of Movement
Insertion: muscle end attached
Angular movements to bone with greatest movement
Flexion and extension Belly: largest portion of muscle
(decrease angle of joint / between origin and insertion
straightening angle) Tendons: attached muscle to
Abduction and adduction bones
(toward mid-line / away from Skeletal muscle pairs
body) Agonist: muscle that causes
Circumduction action when it contracts
Rotation Antagonist: muscle working in
Left and right opposition to agonist
Lateral Synergists: muscle that work
Pronation and supination together to cause a movement
Movement of the body result from
muscle contraction
Skeletal muscle: 40% of body
weight
Types of Skeletal Muscle
The shapes of muscles are determined by the
way the fascicles are aligned
Levers, Forces, Fulcrums and
Resistance
Muscles, tendons, joints and bones act
together as lever systems to move either
parts or whole body
Muscle contractions
, Pull or generate force by Walls of hollow organs, blood
relative positions vessels, eye, gland, skin
Lever: rigid shaft or bone Some functions: propel urine,
Fulcrum: pivot point or joint mix food in digestive tract,
Weight or resistance (force of dilating / constricting pupils,
gravity either in form of weight regulating blood flow
of body parts or weight of object In some locations, autorhythmic
being lifted, pulled or pushed) Controlled involuntarily by
endocrine and automatic
General Proprieties of Muscle
nervous system
Contractility: ability of a muscle to Cardiac
shorten with force Heart: major source of
Excitability: capability of a muscle to movement of blood
respond to a stimulus (from nerves)
Extensibility: muscle can be stretched
to normal resting length and beyond to Individual skeletal muscle consists
limited degree of:
Elasticity: ability of muscle to recoil to
original resting length after stretched Skeletal Muscle Tissue
Nervous Tissue
Types of Muscle Contractions Connective Tissue
Isotonic – change in muscle length, Adipose Tissue
no change in tension
E.g. lifting arm white holding
heavy weight (movement
involved) Autorhythmic
Isometric – change in muscle tension, Controlled involuntarily by
no change in length endocrine and autonomic
E.g. holding something up, nervous system
maintaining posture (no
Connective Tissue
movement involved)
Fascia
Dense sheet of irregular
connective tissue that surrounds
muscles
Epimysium
The outermost layer
Separates 10 – 100 muscle fibres
into bundles called fascicles
Perimysium
Surrounds a fasciculus (also
called fascicle)
Types of Muscle Tissue Endomysium
Separates individual muscle
Skeletal fibres from one another
Responsible for locomotion, Tendon
facial expressions, posture, Cord that attaches a muscle to a
respiratory movements, other bone
types of body movement
Voluntary Myoblasts and Muscle Fibres
Smooth
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