It's the first assignment for unit 14. It's long, took me ages to do, but ended up having over 200 images (my tutor said she wanted lots of images), 65 pages and over 12k words. It'll definitely give you a distinction.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF FORMULAE......................................................................................................5
THE EMPIRICAL FORMULA.......................................................................................................................5
THE MOLECULAR FORMULA....................................................................................................................5
THE STRUCTURAL FORMULA....................................................................................................................5
THE DISPLAYED FORMULA.......................................................................................................................5
THE STEREOCHEMICAL FORMULA..............................................................................................................5
THE SKELETAL FORMULA.........................................................................................................................6
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS..........................................................................................................................7
NUMBER OF ATOMS (SUFFIX)..................................................................................................................7
TYPE OF BOND (SUFFIX).........................................................................................................................8
GROUP (SUFFIX)...................................................................................................................................8
NON-OXYGEN-CONTAINING GROUPS (PREFIX)............................................................................................8
TYPES OF ORGANIC REACTIONS........................................................................................................8
DIFFERENT WAYS OF BREAKING BONDS.........................................................................................13
HOMOLYSIS........................................................................................................................................13
BOND HETEROLYSIS FORMING CARBOCATIONS..........................................................................................14
BOND HETEROLYSIS FORMING CARBANIONS.............................................................................................14
AMINES, AMIDES AND AMINO ACIDS.............................................................................................43
INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................43
AMINES................................................................................................................................................43
ISOMERISM & NOMENCLATURE..............................................................................................................44
REACTIONS OF AMINES..............................................................................................................................45
REACTIONS AS NUCLEOPHILES.....................................................................................................................47
REACTION WITH NITROUS ACID (NITRIC (III) ACID)..........................................................................................48
REACTIONS OF DIAZONIUM SALTS................................................................................................................48
PREPARING AMINES..................................................................................................................................49
AMIDES................................................................................................................................................50
PROPERTIES OF AMIDES.............................................................................................................................50
PREPARATION AND HYDROLYSIS OF AMIDES...................................................................................................51
REACTIONS OF AMIDES..............................................................................................................................51
REDUCTION TO AMINES.............................................................................................................................52
AMINO ACIDS......................................................................................................................................52
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES...........................................................................................................52
REACTIONS OF AMINO ACIDS......................................................................................................................54
INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................55
PROPERTIES OF ACYL CHLORIDES............................................................................................................56
REACTIONS OF ACYL CHLORIDES.............................................................................................................57
WITH WATER...........................................................................................................................................57
WITH ALCOHOLS OR PHENOLS.....................................................................................................................57
WITH AMMONIA AND AMINES....................................................................................................................58
SUBSTITUTION REACTION: HALOGENOALKANE WITH AQUEOUS NAOH.........................................58
ELIMINATION REACTION: HALOGENOALKANE WITH ETHANOLIC NAOH.........................................59
ADDITION-ELIMINATION REACTION: ALDEHYDE/KETONE WITH 2,4 – DINITROPHENYLHYDRAZINE
.......................................................................................................................................................59
, 2
APPLICATIONS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
PLAN OF A MULTI-STEP SYNTHESIS.................................................................................................60
ETHYL ETHANOATE (CH3CO2CH2CH3), STARTING FROM ETHANOL AND ETHANAL..............................................60
N-ETHYLACETAMIDE (CH3CONHCH2CH3), STARTING FROM CHLOROETHANE AND ETHANOYL CHLORIDE................61
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