Hitler's Consolidation of power in Germany (1933-34)
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Module
History
Institution
6
Book
Authoritarian States
This document extensively covers the period of 30th January 1933 to August 1934, from the moment Hitler was appointed Chancellor of the Weimar Republic to the establishment of the Fuhrership.
Economic and political conditions in the Weimar Republic (1929-1933)
Notes on Hitler's Opposition - All Areas
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Hitler’s Rise – 1933 Onwards
Jason Kazazis IBDP
Notes
1933
January: Hitler is appointed chancellor
February 4: Hitler gets the ‘Decree of the Reich president for the
protection of the German People’, is able to ban political meetings
and supress newspapers
February 27: Reichstag fire starts
Next day: Hitler gets ~Hindenburg to sign an Emergency Decree […
for the protection of the German people] that suspends the
democratic freedoms of the Weimar Constitution
Became the legal basis for the Nazi dictatorship
o Replaces the constitutional government with a permanent
state of emergency
o Frees Hitler from his dependence on allies and gives a legal
basis for persecution, terrorism and repression of resistance
o Takes away basic liberties such as personal property and
freedom of speech as well as freedom from imprisonment
without trial (Used to arrest communists)
89% of people voted on March elections
The fall in November was the result of Brüning’s work that improved
general economic conditions and a shortage of campaign money
Apolitical voters then came in favour of the Nazis which can be seen
in the 8% increase in the poll and fear of communism
Hitler allowed the Communist’s names to be on the votes even
though they were in prison in order to split the left even more
Hitler’s attraction
Used the suffering and national humiliation
Became one of the greatest orators of the 20th century
Führer myth, Hitler was a messiah that would heal all class conflicts
“Volksgenmeinschaft” Community of the people, common good
before the individual, justified a lot of his actions ‘to protect the
state’
Germany was in need of a strong people when 8.5 million people
were unemployed
Support from the Elites and the army
Elites had no love for political democracy and supported Hitler
because he could do the dirty work of removing rights and
opponents
Army thought they would get a massive rearmament program
(which they did) and were prepared to support him
All of them, together with the police, supported Hitler’s promise
about ‘law and order’ in the state after crime had risen
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