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Summary The Endocrine System and Hormones Revision Booklet
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The Endocrine System and Hormones Revision Booklet for Biology GCSE. includes key words associated with each topic, negative feedback loops, thermoregulation, function of the kidney, evaluation of dialysis and transplants, type 1 and 2 diabetes, secondary sexual characteristics in males and female...

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  • June 16, 2021
  • 9
  • 2020/2021
  • Summary

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THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AND
HORMONES
Biology GCSE Revision Booklet

, What is a hormone?

A hormone is a chemical molecule and messenger that is secreted into the bloodstream by an
endocrine gland, binding to target cells to perform a specific function.



What is homeostasis?

Homeostasis maintaining a constant state within an internal environment of the body in response
to a change, e.g. ADH controlling water content or insulin controlling blood glucose levels.



Negative Feedback

Negative feedback is the process where a change in a condition from a set level causes a series of
actions that return the condition to the set level. It is how the body keeps conditions within it
constant at the optimum level (homeostasis).



Thermoregulation

Stimulus -> CNS -> Effector -> Response

Vasoconstriction – too cold – reduced blood flow, muscles contract, hairs on skin erect to trap heat

Vasodilation – too hot – increased blood flow as vessels dilate, muscles relax, hairs lay flat, sweat
glands release sweat which evaporates. This uses energy, therefore decreases body temperature.

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