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Summary Psychology approach overview

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A table showing key assumptions, sub-approaches, strengths and weaknesses for five psychological approaches. These are; behavioural/learning, social learning theory, biological, cognitive and psychodynamic.

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  • June 22, 2021
  • 2
  • 2019/2020
  • Summary

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Approach Overview
Approach Key Assumptions Sub-Approaches Strengths Wea



- The behaviorist approach provides
clear predictions. This means that
explanations can be scientifically - Ignores mediati
Emphasises the role of -Classical Conditioning → Learnt through tested and support with evidence. - Ignores biology
- Real life applications (e.g., therapy) - Too deterministi
BEHAVIOURAL / environmental factors in influencing
behaviour. This approach believes
association.
-Operant Conditioning → Learning through - Emphasizes objective measurement - Experiments – l
LEARNING we are born a blank slate and consequence
- Many experiments to support
theories
- Humanism – can
to humans
everything we are is learnt.
- Identified comparisons between - Reductionist
animals (Pavlov) and humans (Watson
& Rayner - Little Albert)




- Easily handles inconsistencies in
-Too heavy of an
behaviour
happens instead
- Observation → The action or process of - Optimistic, in a good way does with what h
closely observing or monitoring something or - Accurate picture explaining how
Focuses on learning in a social - Does not take in
someone. behaviour is learned
SOCIAL LEARNING context and considers that people
learn from one another, including
- Imitation → The action of using someone or - Offers a way to integrate social and
and mental chan
- Doesn’t explain
THEORY concepts such as, imitations and
something as a model.
- Role Models → A person looked to by
cognitive theories
- Allows and accounts for cognitive - Doesn’t explain
modelling. differences
others as an example to be imitated. processes
- Explains a large number of - Doesn’t take in
one person views
behaviours another person m
- Accurate and easy to understand

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