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Summary Schaffers stages of attachment

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Comprehensive study notes on AQA Psychology topic of Attachment. Can easily be turned into flashcards for effective revision. Includes practice questions at the end of the document.

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  • Chapter 3
  • June 29, 2021
  • 3
  • 2020/2021
  • Summary
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Schaffer’s stages of attachment
Key study
Method

- Schaffer & Emerson
- Sample- 60 babies, in Glasgow working class families
- Longitudinal study --> visited every month for a year & again at 18
months
- Looking at stranger & separation anxiety

Findings

- At 7 months- 50% had separation anxiety
- At 9 months- 80% had a specific attachment,
-30% had multiple attachments
Evaluation
Good external validity
- Strength- carried out in families’ own homes and most of the observation
was done by parents during ordinary activities & reported later.
- Means that behaviour was unlikely to be affecter by the presence of others.
- Thus, there is a good chance babies behaved naturally during observation.
- Thus, study has good external validity.


Longitudinal design
- Strength- same children were followed up and observed regularly.
- Longitudinal designs have better internal validity than cross-sectional
designs- no confounding variable in participant variables.


Limited sample characteristics
- Limitation- sample size of was good, however families involved were from
the same district & social class & over 50 years ago is too long.
- Child rearing practices vary from one culture to another, and one historical
period to another. These results do not necessarily generalise well to
together social and historical contexts.

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